تحلیل مدل هوشمند پایش تخلفات ساختمانی در مدیریت شهری (مطالعة موردی: محدوده و حریم کلان‌شهر مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری مدیریت بحران، شهرداری مشهد، مشهد

2 کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، شهرداری مشهد، مشهد

3 کارشناس ارشد طراحی شهری، شهرداری مشهد، مشهد

4 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد

چکیده

با توجه به روند بی‌سابقه و رو به رشد جمعیت و گسترش شهری در دهه‏های اخیر، با افزایش نگران‌کنندة ساخت‏وسازها و به‌ویژه موارد غیرمجاز در محدودة شهری مواجه بوده‌ایم و این مسئله نظام مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی شهری را تحت‌الشعاع قرار داده است؛ ازاین‌رو جلوگیری از ساخت‌وسازهای غیرمجاز شهری یکی از مهم‌ترین مشکلات مدیران شهری شمرده می‌شود. روش کنونی کنترل تخلفات ساختمانی شامل بازرسی‏های میدانی برمبنای دانش انسانی است که صرف هزینة گزاف مالی، زمانی و انسانی را می‌طلبد و ممکن است حتی به شناسایی‌نشدنِ به‌موقع تخلفات ساختمانی بینجامد. درهمین‌زمینه طرح روشی هوشمند و دقیق برای شناسایی تخلفات ساختمانی و هدفمندکردن جست‌وجوی گشت‌های نظارت بر ساخت‌وسازها بیش‌ازپیش مورد نیاز است. پژوهش حاضر، با این هدف، به‌دنبال بیان مدل راهبردی هوشمندی در پایش تخلفات است. این پژوهش ازنظر هدف، کاربردی و ازلحاظ روش، توصیفی و علّی است و داده‌های آن به‌روش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی جمع‌آوری ‌شده است. در این تحقیق، از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای، تصاویر پهپاد، دوربین‌های نصب‌شده روی خودرو و AVL به‌منزلة ورودی‌های سیستم مانیتورینگ هوشمند استفاده شده است. نتایج این تحقیق بیان می‌کند، با استفاده از سیستم مانیتورینگ هوشمند، امکان پایش هوشمند ساخت‌وسازهای غیرقانونی ازطریق فنون پردازش تصاویر و داده‌های مورد نیاز، با کمترین حضور عامل انسانی و در زمانی کوتاه‌تر، وجود دارد. دقت کلی 94% و ضریب کاپای 71% برای طبقه‌بندی تصویر در این سیستم، صحت نتایج یادشده را تأیید می‌کند و نشان می‌دهد، در این روش، سرعت و دقت طبقه‌بندی تصاویر، شناسایی ساختمان‌های درحال تغییر و شناسایی ساخت‌وسازهای غیرقانونی به‌مراتب بیشتر از روش‌های فیزیکی و موجود است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Presenting a Strategic Model of Intelligent Monitoring of Construction Violations in Urban Management (Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Area and Privacy)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Fahmideh Modami 1
  • Masoud Ayaz 2
  • Ahmad Alajeh Gardi 3
  • mahdi javanshiri 4
1 Ph.D. of Crisis Management, Mashhad Municipality, Mashhad
2 M.Sc. of Geography and Urban Planning, Mashhad Municipality, Mashhad
3 M.Sc. of Urban Design and Urban Planning, Mashhad Municipality, Mashhad
4 .D. of Geography and Rural Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad
چکیده [English]

The dramatic increase in construction in recent decades has been accompanied by an increase in the number of construction violations in urbanized areas and has overshadowed the urban management and planning system, so preventing unauthorized urban construction is one of the main problems of city managers. The current method of controlling construction violations includes field inspections based on human knowledge, which in addition to the need to spend exorbitant financial, time and human resources, may lead to collusion between builders and municipal inspectors or even failure to identify construction violations in a timely manner. In this regard, providing an intelligent and accurate method for identifying construction violations and targeting the search for construction patrols is more than necessary. The aim of this study is to provide an intelligent strategic model in monitoring violations. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and causal in terms of method and the data has been collected by library and field methods. The results of this study indicate that by using the intelligent monitoring system, it is possible to intelligently monitor illegal constructs by processing the required image and data techniques, with the least presence of human agents and in a shorter time. The overall accuracy of 94% and the kappa coefficient of 71% for image classification in this system confirm the accuracy of the above results. It shows that in this method, the speed and accuracy of image classification, identification of changing buildings and identification of illegal constructions are much higher than physical and existing methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Intelligent monitoring system
  • Illegal constructions
  • Construction violations monitoring
  • UAV
  • Mashhad metropolis

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