Modeling, routing, and visual simulation of building interior spaces using BIM and GIS

In recent years, the architecture and construction engineering industry has been moving from 2D to 3D (Building Information Modeling) to enable better visualization and sharing of information. With the development of this industry in high-rise buildings such as department stores, hotels, hospitals, and cultural centers, the need for an indoor navigation system is increasingly felt. The main goal of this project is to present and produce an operational route in the interior spaces of the building by integrating the building information model and the geographic information system with two improved triangulations and meshing methods and their graphical display. Therefore, this project seeks to study and route a real example and during its implementation, we will examine the effect of various parameters on the performance of the developed model. One of these parameters is the change in the dimensions and structure of the meshes with the aim of improving performance and increasing accuracy in modeling. The designed routes also include options for choosing between stairs and elevators. In this way, users can easily identify the best route based on the conditions and constraints to reach their destination. Choosing the right route according to the different needs of users, including those with mobility problems, can provide an optimal and comfortable experience. Also, in this project, in addition to reducing the length of the route, time optimization is also discussed, because in the routing process, two parameters of time and distance must be considered and decisions made based on the priority of each of them. The building information model includes precise details of different parts of the building in three dimensions. This model allows architects and project engineers to achieve a more complete and comprehensive understanding of the structure and technical characteristics of the building. However, it does not have the ability to analyze the route network. Geographic information systems with spatial analyses enable route optimization and help increase efficiency, accuracy, safety, and accessibility in complex environments. Combining a building information model with a geographic information system can help with internal routing and provide conditions for improving the management of the routing process. For this purpose, the present project examines a six-story office building in Rasht. First, the two-dimensional plans are converted to three-dimensional using the Revit Architecture software, which is based on the building information model, and after data integration, the final generated routes will be displayed graphically in ArcGIS Pro software. Finally, the software output will be studied and examined for different scenarios. The results show that the improved meshing method has higher accuracy and provides better coverage of the building floor space, and performs better than the triangulation method on routes without complications and breaks. On the other hand, on routes with many breaks, arcs, and longer routes, the triangulation method performs better than the improved meshing method. In general, it is not possible to choose one method as the best option, because each method performs differently depending on the type of environment and the topic under discussion. It seems that the combined use of methods can be an effective solution, because in some cases the advantages of one method can compensate for the weaknesses of another. In conclusion, it can be stated that the indoor navigation system can help reduce access problems and increase efficiency in the use of public spaces. Optimal navigation in critical situations helps reduce risk and increase the safety and peace of mind of users in complex and large environments. This allows users to quickly and with minimal risk access to exit points or safe places. In addition, this process also helps to make buildings smarter and, as a result, cities smarter.