Iranian Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS

Keyword Index

A

Accessibility Micro-simulation Model to Estimate Accessibility to Urban Services: A GIS-based and Land Use and Transportation Integrated Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 45-62]
Accessibility Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Urban Form and Accessibility in Tehran’s Neighborhoods [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Access to educational services Assessing Spatial Equity Accessibility to Educational Services in the Study Area of District 18 in Tehran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 99-120]
Accuracy Assessment A Comparative study of the traditional accuracy assessment and disagreement measures of the classification of remote sensing imagery [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 55-68]
Accuracy Assessment Evaluation of IRS-P6 Images for Orchards Area Estimating [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 113-126]
Active fire products Estimation of Fire Area in Iranian Vegetation Using MODIS and Alos-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 103-124]
Active learning Design and Implementation of an Object-Based AdaBoost Algorithm Based on Active Learning for Land-Cover Classification in High-Resolution Images [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 19-36]
Actual erosion risk Classification of Landforms Using Topographic Location Index and Assessment of their Actual Soil Erosion Risk in Mountainous Areas (Case Study: Kharestan Watershed) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 17-36]
Actual evapotranspiration Evaluation of Different Parametric Situations on Satellite SEBAL, METRIC and TVT Methods on Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration in the Northern Ahwaz Study Region [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 89-106]
AdaBoost Design and Implementation of an Object-Based AdaBoost Algorithm Based on Active Learning for Land-Cover Classification in High-Resolution Images [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 19-36]
Adaptive Local Thresholding Efficient Adaptive Local Thresholding for Improving Elevation Change Detection in Urban Environments Using Bi-temporal LiDAR Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Adaptive nero fuzzy inference system Prediction of Tehran Air Pollution Using PCA-ANFIS Method [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 45-70]
Additional Parameters A New Model for Geometrical Correction of Satellite Imagery, Using 2D Polynomials and Satellite Navigation Data [Volume 4, Issue 3, 2012]
Aedes aegypti Modeling the Spatial Distribution of the Vectors of Dengue Fever in Iranusing the Maximum Entropy Model and Genetic Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 69-90]
Aedes albopictus Modeling the Spatial Distribution of the Vectors of Dengue Fever in Iranusing the Maximum Entropy Model and Genetic Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 69-90]
Aerial photo Measurement of Surface Changes and Velocity fields of Alam-chal Glacier Using Satellite Imagery and Aerialphotos [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 1-16]
Aerial Triangulation Using High Resolution Satellite Images in the Bundle Adjustment of Aerial Images' Block to Reduce the Necessity of Ground Control Points [(Articles in Press)]
Aerosol optical depth Assessment of Correlation between PM10 Data Measured at Ground Station of Sanandaj and AOD Data of MODIS Sensor [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 51-60]
Affine Transform A New Method in Image Matching Based on Spatial Relationships in Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Images [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 72-94]
Agent-Based Provide New Discomfort Indices at Fire Time Using Results of Agent-Based Geosimulation (Case Study: Hafte-Tir Subway Station) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 17-36]
Agent-Based Developing an Agent-Based Model for Intelligent Control of Traffic Lights and Dynamic Routing [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 1-20]
Agent-Based Evaluation of Combination of Bees Meta-Heuristic Algorithm with Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to Upgrade its Performance for Site Selection of Reserve Aircraft in the Air Industry [(Articles in Press)]
Agricultural Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
Agricultural climate Positioning lands prone for cultivating ficus fars province using fuzzy logic and the GIS approach [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Agricultural crops Due to the rapid population growth and urban development which results in limited arable land, land evaluation for selecting optimum utilization of land and increase in production per unit area as well as purposeful decisions in allocation of agricultural [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Agricultural land Improving the Agricultural Land Reallocation Process Based on Game Theory [(Articles in Press)]
Agriculture Alfalfa yield estimation using Sentinel-2 satellite images- a case study in Magsal Agricultural and Production Company (Qazvin) [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 53-76]
Agriculture Evaluation of IRS-P6 Images for Orchards Area Estimating [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 113-126]
Agriculture Estimating Yield of Canola Based on Time Series of Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 59-72]
Agriculture Commercialization o f Remote Sensing in Agriculture [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 67-88]
Agriculture farm boundary Fusion of spectral and spatial information for agricultural crop classification in multi-temporal Sentinel images (Case Study: Qorveh County) [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 39-61]
AHP-OWA Assessing the Location of Distribution Warehouses Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: An ANP-OWA Approach [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 22-36]
Air pollution Determination of Spatial Variation of CO and PM10 Air Pollutants, Using GIS Techniques(Case study : Teheran, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 57-72]
Air pollution Investigating Air Pollution during the Corona Era and before that in the Metropolises of Tehran, Isfahan and Qom [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 101-116]
Air pollution Modeling the Concentration Distribution of NO2 and O3 Pollutants with an Appropriate Spatial Resolution by Combining Ground and Satellite data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 85-104]
Air pollution Air Quality Assessment by Monitoring PM10 and PM2.5 Parameters Using Multispectral Satellite Images Seyed Mohammad Mozafari1, Ramin Saadi1* , Sima Neyrizi2 [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Airport Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
AIRS Spatial downscaling of AIRS-derived column water vapor using ratio model to improve LST retrieval [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 37-46]
AIRS Integration of Multi-Sensor Data and Ground Observations in Order to Improve Accuracy and Spatial Resolution in Near-Surface Water Vapor Retrieval [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 61-78]
Air temperature Estimation of Maximum and Minimum Daily Air Temperature Using MODIS Surface Temperature Products [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 53-70]
Albedo Analyzing Temporal and Spatial Variations of Surface Albedo over Sistan Plain in Eastern Iran using Satellite Remote Sensing Product of MODIS Sensor of Terra Satellite [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 69-84]
Albedo Analysis of Barriers to Blue Band Albedo Satellite Observations in Iran [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 23-38]
Alborz Mountains Statistical analysis of snow depth and land surface temperature patterns based on remote sensing data in Mazandaran highlands [(Articles in Press)]
Alfalfa Alfalfa yield estimation using Sentinel-2 satellite images- a case study in Magsal Agricultural and Production Company (Qazvin) [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 53-76]
Alfalfa Investigation of the saturation effect of vegetation indices in LAI estimation of crops [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 33-48]
ALOS PALSAR 2 Estimation of Soil Surface Moisture Using ALOSPALSAR-2 Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 93-112]
Alpha Polarimetric Feature Comparison of Full and Dual Polarimetric SAR [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 87-100]
Alteration Comparison of the results of satellite image processing for extraction of alterations with mineralogy and field studies in Sarkuh Porphyry Copper Deposit [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 1-26]
Alteration Mineralization potential and integration of airborne magnetometric geophysical data data and EO-1, ASTER ester and Landsat-7 ETM + hyperspectral satellite data (Sheet 1: 100,000 Meshkinshahr) [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 113-142]
Alteration Investigation of Alteration Deposit Zones of Porphyry Copper Ore Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery (Aster, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2) and Ground Controls (Case study: MasjedDaghi copper deposit - NW Iran) [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 47-74]
Amol city Identifying and Monitoring Urban Growth and Expansion Changes Using Spectral Unmixing of Remote Sensing Imagery and Geographic Information Systems Techniques at the Micro Level, (A Case Study of Amol City) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 147-164]
Analysis Network Process Estimation and Zoning Soil Erosion using the Analysis Network Process and GIS (Case Study: Ghale Chai Basin) [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 1-10]
Analytic Hierarchy Process Assessing Spatial Equity Accessibility to Educational Services in the Study Area of District 18 in Tehran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 99-120]
Analytic network process (ANP) Investigation of Water Quality Using Fuzzy and Analytic Network Process (ANP) Methods in GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 113-126]
Angles least squares adjustment Making Digitization of Land Parcels Precise by Preserving Area and Dimensions [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 33-44]
ANP Assessing the Location of Distribution Warehouses Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: An ANP-OWA Approach [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 22-36]
ANP Land suitability evaluation based on multi-criteria decision-making methods for locating wind farms in Khorasan Razavi province [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 59-78]
Ant Colony Application of a Hybrid Linear Programming and Ant Colony Metaheuristic with Aid of GIS to Land Use Allocation [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 109-126]
Ant Colony Optimization [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Ant Colony Optimization Ant Colony Optimization of RFM for Geometric Correction [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 1-18]
Ant colony optimization algorithm Evaluation of Combination of Bees Meta-Heuristic Algorithm with Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to Upgrade its Performance for Site Selection of Reserve Aircraft in the Air Industry [(Articles in Press)]
Anzali Wetland Assessment and prediction of land use changes in the Anzali wetland Basin, Based on Land Change Modeler (LCM) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 93-114]
Anzali Wetland Evaluation of Anzali Wetland Depth Changes Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data over Thirty Years [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 73-82]
Anzali Wetland Application of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Data in Investigating Land Cover Changes in the Bed of Anzali Wetland [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Anzali Wetland Spatial Analysis and Prioritization of Environmental Pressures in the Anzali Wetland Watershed: A New Approach in Ecosystem-Based Management [(Articles in Press)]
AOD Monitoring and Assessing of Dust Occurance Effects on Precipitation Variations in South-West of Iran Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 79-98]
AOD Air Quality Assessment by Monitoring PM10 and PM2.5 Parameters Using Multispectral Satellite Images Seyed Mohammad Mozafari1, Ramin Saadi1* , Sima Neyrizi2 [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
AOD index Monitoring and analysis of dust storm trajectories in Sistan and Baluchestan Province using MODIS satellite products and the HYSPLIT model [(Articles in Press)]
AQI Determination of Spatial Variation of CO and PM10 Air Pollutants, Using GIS Techniques(Case study : Teheran, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 57-72]
Aqua and Terra satellites Estimation of Maximum and Minimum Daily Air Temperature Using MODIS Surface Temperature Products [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 53-70]
AquaCrop Remote Sensing Data Assimilation by Forcing Method in Simulation of Silage Maize Yield Using AquaCrop Model [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 109-128]
AquaCrop-GIS Evaluation of Maize yield and Water Footprint Variability by AquaCrop-GIS Model [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 43-58]
Aquatic ecosystems Integrated Assessment and Spatial Mapping of Environmental Hazards Affecting the Ecological Status of the Estuaries at the Watershed Scale (Case Study of Tajan River) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 149-170]
Aras River watershed Land Use/Cover Change Modeling with Emphasis on Built-up Land Growth With the Help of CA-Markov Model Integration and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Based on GIS. (Case Study: Aras River Watershed) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 137-158]
Artificial Intelligence A Fully Convolutional Neural Network-Based Approach for Detecting Simultaneously Roads and Buildings in Aerial Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 39-60]
Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Methods, Challenges, and Perspectives in Rural Road Networks Detection with a Focus on Remote Sensing Images [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 139-176]
Artificial Intelligence Comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms with an emphasis on Extra Trees and SHAP interpretability in estimating land subsidence in the plains of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Artificial Neural Network [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Artificial Neural Network Estimation of Forest Stand Volume Using ICESat/GLAS Data in Mountainous Forests in the North of Iran [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 85-98]
Artificial Neural Network Determine the Vulnerability of the Aquifer Using the Standard Drastic and Data-Based Methods (Case Study: Kochisfahan Aquifer) [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 99-116]
Artificial Neural Network Estimation of Agricultural Crop Yield Using Sentinel-2 Images (Case Study: Zanjan City) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 61-74]
Artificial Neural Network Investigating Land Use Changes in Herat City Using Satellite Images during 2015 and 2022 [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 21-39]
Artificial Neural Network Application of a Hybrid Unsupervised Method Based on K-Means and Neural Networks for Satellite Image Classification and Image Quality Enhancement (Case Study: Sabzevar City, 2021) [(Articles in Press)]
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Dust Detection Using MODIS Satellite Images Using An Artificial Neural Network [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 37-54]
Artificial Neural Networks A Fully Convolutional Neural Network-Based Approach for Detecting Simultaneously Roads and Buildings in Aerial Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 39-60]
Artificial Neural Networks Mapping Sugarcane Leaf Area Index by Inverting PRISMA Hyperspectral Images [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 85-108]
Artifitial neural networks [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
ASCAT SWI Assessing Satellite-Derived Soil Moisture Data Using Field Observations at Doroodzan Irrigation and Drainage District [(Articles in Press)]
Aspect Ratio Evaluating the Effect of Roughness Length Index on Modelling the Maximum Intensity of Urban Heat Islands Using Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information Systems (Case study: District 22, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-100]
ASTER Alteration Mapping in Barika Gold-Rich Massive Sulfide Deposit (East of Sardasht), Using ASTER and ETM Satellite Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 1-16]
ASTER Alteration Mapping in the Motrabad Epithermal System, South of Razavi Khorasan Province: using ASTER remote sensing data [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
ASTER Snow covered surfaces show enormous variations in time and consequently need to be monitored using images with relatively high temporal resolution. For this MODIS sensor on board of Terra/Aqua is suitable. Different parameters affect the accuracy of Snow [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
ASTER Comparison of the results of satellite image processing for extraction of alterations with mineralogy and field studies in Sarkuh Porphyry Copper Deposit [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 1-26]
ASTER Spectral analysis and enhancement of Sureyan complex lithological units, northeastern of Fars, using satellite imagery data of ASTER and Sentinel 2 [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 63-78]
ASTER Mineralization potential and integration of airborne magnetometric geophysical data data and EO-1, ASTER ester and Landsat-7 ETM + hyperspectral satellite data (Sheet 1: 100,000 Meshkinshahr) [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 113-142]
ASTER Integration of ASTER Remote Sensing and Magnetometer Data to Identify Iron Sources (Case Study Northeast Neyriz-Fars Province) [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 93-116]
ASTER Mineral Mapping Related to Porphyry Copper Deposits Using Aster and Sentinel- 2 Images with Field Studies (A Case Study of Sahib Divan Copper Deposit) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 79-98]
ASTER Investigation and Use of Remote Sensing and Geophysical Methods to Potential Iron Ore- Northeast of Deh Chah-Fars [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 121-148]
ASTER Sensor thermal product Presentation of a New Method for the Fusion of Spatial-Temporal Land Surface Temperature Products of ASTER and MODIS Sensors Based on a Two-Dimensional Stationary Wavelet Transform [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 93-114]
Atmospheric column water vapor Spatial downscaling of AIRS-derived column water vapor using ratio model to improve LST retrieval [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 37-46]
Atmospheric humidity Analysis of Barriers to Blue Band Albedo Satellite Observations in Iran [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 23-38]
Atmospheric pollutant Improving the Accuracy of Ground Surface Ozone Concentration Estimation Using Satellite Products and Machine Learning [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 17-30]
Automatic identification Comparison of Visual and Object-Based Automatic Methods to Identify Landforms in Yazd-Ardakan Basin [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 73-90]
Automatic Identification System Finding Optimal Contextual Parameters for Real-Time Vessel Position Prediction Using Deep Learning [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 89-100]
Autonomous landing Comparison of Deep Learning and Cascade Classifiers Approaches for Object Detection in Autonomous UAV Landing [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 1-18]

B

Backscatter Development of a New method for Backscatter Correction of Sentinel-1 images in Topographic Regions, Case Study: Mazandaran Province [(Articles in Press)]
Band ratio Alteration Mapping in the Motrabad Epithermal System, South of Razavi Khorasan Province: using ASTER remote sensing data [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Band ratio The Capability of Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI Data for Discrimination of Lithological Units and Alteration Minerals of Esfordi Phosphate Deposit Area, Central Iran [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 1-18]
Basin management Determining the Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Model and GIS System in Khorkhoreh Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 87-102]
Bavi County Mapping and Monitoring of Soil Salinization in the Central Part of Khuzestan Province Using Remote Sensing Feature Space Based Models [(Articles in Press)]
BaySpec OCI-F Geometric Correction of BaySpec OCI-F Pushbroom Hyperspectral Images via the Sequential Geometric Mappings among Simultaneous Video Frames Estimated by Least Square Matching [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 17-37]
Bees meta-heuristic algorithm Evaluation of Combination of Bees Meta-Heuristic Algorithm with Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to Upgrade its Performance for Site Selection of Reserve Aircraft in the Air Industry [(Articles in Press)]
Best-Worst Method (BWM) Investigating Urban Vulnerability against Earthquakes Using GIS and BWM Model (Case Study: A Part of the Tabriz Metropolis)(Case study: a part of the Tabriz city) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 37-54]
BIM A Review of Recent Researches on Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 33-58]
Binary matching criter Evaluation of Half-Hour GPM-GSMAP_G (V04) and One-Hour GPM-IMERG_F (V06) Satellite Precipitation Products in East Azarbaijan Province [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Biomass estimation Evaluation of Sentinel-2 imagery for the estimation of Silage maize biomass: A case study of Magsal Animal Husbandry & Agriculture, Qazvin, Iran [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 99-120]
Biosustainability Ecological footprint and biosustainability assessment ‎in mangrove forests of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Birjand Determining the Most Suitable Method of Extracting the Surface Temperature Using [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 37-54]
Bi-temporal LiDAR Efficient Adaptive Local Thresholding for Improving Elevation Change Detection in Urban Environments Using Bi-temporal LiDAR Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Bonab Assessment of Soil Salinity Variations in the Bonab Area Using Ground-Based and Remote Sensing-Derived Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 119-138]
Box plot SVM-CRF Method and Box Plot Technique for Outlier Detection of Lidar Point Cloud [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 91-109]
Brightness temperature Medium Spatial Resolution Image Classification Based on Spatial and Thermal Indices [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 117-132]
Building Damages Detection of earthquake damaged buildings in satellite images using texture analysis and Very High Resolution (VHR) A case study of the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 17-32]
Building Footprint Evaluating the Efficiency of U-Net and XGBoost Models in Extracting Building Footprint Information [(Articles in Press)]
Building Information Management A Review of Recent Researches on Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 33-58]
Building Information Modeling Modeling, Routing, and Visual Simulation of Building Interior Spaces Using BIM and GIS [(Articles in Press)]
Built-Up Land Land Use/Cover Change Modeling with Emphasis on Built-up Land Growth With the Help of CA-Markov Model Integration and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Based on GIS. (Case Study: Aras River Watershed) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 137-158]
Bundle Adjustment Using High Resolution Satellite Images in the Bundle Adjustment of Aerial Images' Block to Reduce the Necessity of Ground Control Points [(Articles in Press)]
BWM Assessment and Prioritization of Urban Redevelopment Strategies for Deteriorated Areas Using Remote Sensing Technology and the BWM Method (Case Study: Zanjan, Iran)" [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 101-118]

C

CA-ANN hybrid model Land Use Changes Modeling and Predictions Using CA-ANN Hybrid Model in Khamir and Qeshm Mangrove Forests [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 95-114]
Calibration Review: Satellite Data Assimilation in Calibration of Crop Growth Model, more Emphasize on Sensitivity Analysis Techniques [(Articles in Press)]
CA-&lrm Ecological footprint and biosustainability assessment ‎in mangrove forests of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Canola Estimating Yield of Canola Based on Time Series of Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 59-72]
Canonical correlation The Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Iran's Total Water Storage Using Remote Sensing [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 101-112]
Canopy scale Evaluation of Vegetation Indices to Recognizing Wheat Leaf and Yellow Rust at Canopy Scale [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 111-128]
Capacity of the Available Water Estimating the Capacity of Water Available to Soil via Using Satellite Images and Earth Control Data in Mountainous Regions [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 88-101]
CapsNet Improving the Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using the Combined Model of CapsNet and the Extreme Gradient Boosting [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Carbon Dioxide Investigating the Trend of Night Temperature Changes in Iran and the Effect of Carbon Dioxide [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 105-122]
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Evaluation of CO2 Greenhouse Gas Estimation Algorithms Based on GOSAT Satellite Data and Ground-based Observation Stations [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 23-36]
Car navigation Design and Development of Variable-Scale Maps for Car Navigation Systems [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 97-110]
CASA Modeling of semi-steppe rangelands degradation in Isfahan Province using MODIS images [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 1-20]
Caspian Sea Comparison of the Intensity of Coastline Changes and Erosion of the Main Ports on the Caspian Sea Coast [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 73-86]
Caspian Sea Level Evaluation of Anzali Wetland Depth Changes Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data over Thirty Years [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 73-82]
Central Alborz Application Indexes Geomorphometry Groundwater Springs on Spatial Modeling Occurrence at Central Alborz Probable with the Approach Weights-of-Evidence [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 61-74]
Central Plateau of Iran A Novel Assessment of Hydrological Drought in the Central Plateau Basins of Iran Using the New Groundwater Storage Product [(Articles in Press)]
ChahFiroozeh [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Change detection Change Detection of Urban Areas based on Neural Networks, Spatial Features and Genetic Algorithm using High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 55-68]
Change detection A novel method based on Change Vector Analysis to improve results of Change Detection Process [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 83-96]
Change detection A Change Detection at an Agricultural Areas Using Georeferenced Multi-Temporal Image Based on Object Based Method and Color Fusion [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 1-14]
Change detection Change Detection in Remote Sensing Data Using Attention Network [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 139-163]
Change detection Change Detection in Residential Areas Construction by Using Photogrammetry Products [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Changes Trend An analysis of the Trend Changes in Water Resources and Factors Affecting it in the Central Plateau of Iran Using Satellite Products [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-60]
CHIRPS Temporal-Spatial Assessment of Monthly Precipitation Based on CHIRPS, TRMM and MERRA Data in Iran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 55-78]
CHIRPS Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Satellite Precipitation Products in Mazandaran Province: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation with Emphasis on Station Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Chlorophyll Evaluating Capability of Reflectance Spectrometry for Estimating the Wheat Chlorophyll and Nitrogen [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 119-134]
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) Estimating Chlorophyll a and Total Phosphorous in Anzali Wetland Using Three Band Model [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Chlorophyll_a Concentration Estimation of turbidity and chlorophyll a concentration in the Caspian Sea through time series analysis of satellite images and wavelet neural networks [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 91-108]
CHRIS-Proba Comparative analysis of LAI retrieval from hyperspectral imagery using machine learning approaches [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 47-64]
Cirsium arvense [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
City development Urban Land Use Allocation Using MCDMs and GIS, Case Study: Zanjan City [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 37-58]
Classification Introducing a Method for Classification of AVIRIS Hyperspectral Data, using Feature Extraction and Classifier Ensemble Methods [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 101-118]
Classification Classification of LiDAR Points Cloud Using Markov Random Field and Machine Learning Techniques [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 41-60]
Classification Object based interpretation of high spatial remote sensing images based on knowledge-based systems [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 27-54]
Classification A Comparative study of the traditional accuracy assessment and disagreement measures of the classification of remote sensing imagery [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 55-68]
Classification An Analysis on Land Use Process Changes and Forecasting in Urmia City Using SVM Model and Neural Networks [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 53-72]
Classification Design and Implementation of an Object-Based AdaBoost Algorithm Based on Active Learning for Land-Cover Classification in High-Resolution Images [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 19-36]
Classification Improving the Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using the Combined Model of CapsNet and the Extreme Gradient Boosting [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Classification Cropland Mapping through Integration of Segmentation and Classification Techniques in Google Earth Engine [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 1-20]
Classification Comparison of the Efficiency of Local Climatic Zone Algorithm in Separating Built-Up Area Compared to Built-Up Indices [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Classification Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using a Combination of Features Extracted From the Weighted Local Kernel Matrix of Spectral and Fractal Features [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 43-64]
Classification Monitoring Land Cover Changes in Northwestern Iran Using Training Samples Migration Method [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 129-154]
Classification Algorithm A hybrid classification method based on fusion of parametric and non-parametric classification algorithms for Landuse/Landcover map in Hirkani Forests [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 83-100]
Classification method Estimation of Agricultural Crop Yield Using Sentinel-2 Images (Case Study: Zanjan City) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 61-74]
Classifier ensemble Introducing a Method for Classification of AVIRIS Hyperspectral Data, using Feature Extraction and Classifier Ensemble Methods [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 101-118]
Client-Server Architecture Standardization and Upgrading the Collection and Updating Process of Urban Property Survey Data Using a Context- Aware Mobile GIS and Based on ISO Spatial Standards [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 65-92]
Climate Changes Evaluation of Anzali Wetland Depth Changes Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data over Thirty Years [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 73-82]
Climate conditions (LST) Extracting Vegetation and the Urban Structure of Mashhad Using Newton Interpolation Polynomial and its Relationship with Land Surface Temperature (LST) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 95-108]
Climate Model Study of Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of ETo and Temperature in Khorasan Razavi Province Using CRU TS Dataset and Their Future Projections Based on CMIP5 Climate Models [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 55-72]
Climatic factors Dust storms monitoring and predicting, using remote sensing, geographic information systems and observational data based on NDVI and climate elements A Case Study :( South and South East of Iran) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 27-44]
Climatic factors Analyzing of the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation and its response to environmental factors in north of Fars province, Iran [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 61-82]
Cluster Analysis Statistical analysis of snow depth and land surface temperature patterns based on remote sensing data in Mazandaran highlands [(Articles in Press)]
Clustering Road Centerline Vectorization of High Resolution Images By Multi-Criteria Analysis Using Ordered Weighted Averaging Operators in Road Network Graph Model [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 33-48]
Clustering Improvement of Clustering for Hyperspectral Images using Spectral Information Divergence [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 17-32]
Cluster Sampling The Effect of Different Cluster Sampling Schemes in Estimating the Quantitative Characteristics of Zagros Forests Using Sentinel 2 Sensor Images [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 71-86]
CMORPH Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Satellite Precipitation Products in Mazandaran Province: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation with Emphasis on Station Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Coastal lines Comparison of the Intensity of Coastline Changes and Erosion of the Main Ports on the Caspian Sea Coast [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 73-86]
Coherence Evaluating the Efficiency of InSAR Coherence in Crop Type Mapping Using Machine Learning [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 133-160]
Coherence Soil erosion susceptibility mapping using Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR coherence and machine learning (Study area: Khuzestan province) [(Articles in Press)]
COHESION Zoning of Soil Shear Strength Parameters (Case Study: Kermanshah) [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 31-40]
Cokriging Determination of Spatial Variation of CO and PM10 Air Pollutants, Using GIS Techniques(Case study : Teheran, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 57-72]
Co-Kriging Spatial Analysis of Water Vapor Pressure in South and South West of Iran Using by Geostatistics [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 35-52]
Colored dissolved organic matter Optimal Band Selection of Landsat-8 Images for Estimation of CDOM of Lakes Using Support Vector Regression [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 75-92]
Color fusion A Change Detection at an Agricultural Areas Using Georeferenced Multi-Temporal Image Based on Object Based Method and Color Fusion [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 1-14]
Combinatorial Optimization [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Combined Model the Earth Surface Temperature Estimating the Capacity of Water Available to Soil via Using Satellite Images and Earth Control Data in Mountainous Regions [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 88-101]
Commercialization Commercialization o f Remote Sensing in Agriculture [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 67-88]
CommunityVIZ Scenario360 Futures Study on the Livability of Worn Texture in Urban Crises (Case Study: Imamzadeh Yahya Neighborhood, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 21-38]
Co-moisture lines Development of Temperature/ Vegetation Indexes for Estimating Soil Moisture Content Using Co- Moisture Lines Extracted from a One- Year Temperature/ Vegetation Scatter Plot of MODIS Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 1-22]
Completeness Evaluation and Analysis of the Evolution and Completeness of Building Data in Volunteered Geographic Information (Case Study: OpenStreetMap Building Information in Mashhad City) [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Conceptual Features Land Use Classification Based on Conceptual Features [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Conservation Predicting the Impacts of Climate Change on the Distribution of Benni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi) Distribution under Different Climatic Scenarios [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-100]
Conservation Integrated Assessment and Spatial Mapping of Environmental Hazards Affecting the Ecological Status of the Estuaries at the Watershed Scale (Case Study of Tajan River) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 149-170]
Construction Violations Monitoring Presenting a Strategic Model of Intelligent Monitoring of Construction Violations in Urban Management (Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Area and Privacy) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Context Finding Optimal Contextual Parameters for Real-Time Vessel Position Prediction Using Deep Learning [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 89-100]
Context-Aware Finding Optimal Contextual Parameters for Real-Time Vessel Position Prediction Using Deep Learning [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 89-100]
Context aware computing Design and Development of Variable-Scale Maps for Car Navigation Systems [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 97-110]
Context awareness Standardization and Upgrading the Collection and Updating Process of Urban Property Survey Data Using a Context- Aware Mobile GIS and Based on ISO Spatial Standards [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 65-92]
Continuum Removal Evaluating Capability of Reflectance Spectrometry for Estimating the Wheat Chlorophyll and Nitrogen [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 119-134]
Convolutional Neural Network Change Detection in Remote Sensing Data Using Attention Network [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 139-163]
Convolutional neural networks A Fully Convolutional Neural Network-Based Approach for Detecting Simultaneously Roads and Buildings in Aerial Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 39-60]
Cooling Function Evaluating and Improving the Functionality of Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Sub-pixel Land Cover Mapping Using Multispectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 1-16]
CO Pollutant Study of Hourly Variability of Association between Land Use Parameters and CO-Pollutant Using LUR Model in Tehran [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Copras A Combined Approach Utilizing Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Equity Indicators to Prioritize the Development of Bus Rapid Transit Lines until 1410 (Case Study of Isfahan, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 129-150]
Corn Analysis of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Images to Estimate Leaf Area Index of Corn Crops [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 1-15]
Correction and pre-processing methods The Advances, Challenges and Perspectives in the Correction Field of Free Night Light Satellite Image [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 15-48]
Correlation Detection of earthquake damaged buildings in satellite images using texture analysis and Very High Resolution (VHR) A case study of the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 17-32]
Correlation Snow Cover Change Trends (NDSI) and the Impact of Regional and Global Teleconnection Patterns [(Articles in Press)]
Cost function Combining Multiple Solution and Cost Function for Better LAI Estimation [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 61-74]
Crash Severity prediction Developing a Soft Computing based Decision Tree Approach for Predicting Crashes Severity on Regional Highway Corrid [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 37-54]
Crop area mapping Rain-Fed Wheat Area Mapping Using MODIS and Landsat Images (Case Study: Ahar City) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 19-34]
Crop classification Employing the Convolutional LSTM Network in Crop Classification using NDVI Time Series [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 89-106]
Crop Coefficient Estimation of Crop Coefficients in the Moghan Cultivation Industry and the Study of Relationship between Evapotranspiration and Yield Performance [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 11-28]
Crop Coefficient Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration Using SEBAL Algorithm and Comparison with Improved FAO 56 Standard Evapotranspiration with KC-NDVI Relationship [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 73-92]
Crop growth monitoring Comparison of four PLSR, RF, GRNN and SVR Algorithms to Estimate Sugarcane Sheath Moisture During Growing Season Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 47-68]
Crop growth simulation model Remote Sensing Data Assimilation by Forcing Method in Simulation of Silage Maize Yield Using AquaCrop Model [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 109-128]
Croplands Cropland Mapping through Integration of Segmentation and Classification Techniques in Google Earth Engine [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 1-20]
Crop mapping Crop Mapping Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and 2 Images in Ardabil Province [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 25-46]
Crop mapping Potato Fields Mapping Based on the Phenology Feature and Support Vector Machine Utilizing Google Earth Engine Platform [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Crop mapping Crop mapping using machine learning algorithms and dual-polarized indices derived from multi-temporal Sentinel-1 data [(Articles in Press)]
Crops Comparison of Accuracy Between Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Classifiers for Land Use and Crop Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 73-92]
Cross Profile Performance Evaluation of Digital Elevation Models in Geomorphological Studies [(Articles in Press)]
CRU Gridded Dataset Study of Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of ETo and Temperature in Khorasan Razavi Province Using CRU TS Dataset and Their Future Projections Based on CMIP5 Climate Models [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 55-72]

D

Daily temperature Evaluation of Classical Statistical Methods for Estimating and Reconstructing the Daily Temperature in Iran [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-112]
Data-driven Evaluaion of Various Methods for Weighting Spatial Information in GIS (Case Study: Mineral Potential Mapping) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 73-88]
Data fusion Fusion of MODIS and OLI Images for Estimating Daily Surface Reflectance at 30m Spatial Resolution in Complex Heterogeneous Regions [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 71-90]
Data fusion Estimating Yield of Canola Based on Time Series of Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 59-72]
Decision trees [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Decorrelation stretch The Capability of Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI Data for Discrimination of Lithological Units and Alteration Minerals of Esfordi Phosphate Deposit Area, Central Iran [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 1-18]
Deeplab v3+ Refinement of Road Extraction in UAV Images based on Deep Learning Methods [(Articles in Press)]
Deep Learning Target detection from high-resolution remote sensing images using deep learning methods [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 48-64]
Deep Learning Comparison of Deep Learning and Cascade Classifiers Approaches for Object Detection in Autonomous UAV Landing [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 1-18]
Deep Learning A Fully Convolutional Neural Network-Based Approach for Detecting Simultaneously Roads and Buildings in Aerial Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 39-60]
Deep Learning Employing the Convolutional LSTM Network in Crop Classification using NDVI Time Series [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 89-106]
Deep Learning A Convolutional Neural Network Model for Predicting the Transport Pathway of Dust Storms [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 129-139]
Deep Learning Reconstruction of ECOSTRESS Land Surface Temperature Using Deep Learning and Support Vector regression (Case study: Bar-Arieh and Latian watersheds) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 33-54]
Deep Learning Evaluating the Efficiency of U-Net and XGBoost Models in Extracting Building Footprint Information [(Articles in Press)]
Deep Learning Evaluation of the Deep Learning-Based Sat-MVSF Algorithm in DSM Extraction from High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Deh Chah Investigation and Use of Remote Sensing and Geophysical Methods to Potential Iron Ore- Northeast of Deh Chah-Fars [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 121-148]
Dehloran meymeh Evaluation of the Efficiency of Spectral Data and Indices Derived from OLI and TIRS Sensors in Estimating Soil Salinity in Arid Regions of Southern Ilam Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 51-66]
Delaunay triangulation Improved Automatic Polygonal Restoration in Geographic Information Systems [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 75-94]
Demand assessment Due to the rapid population growth and urban development which results in limited arable land, land evaluation for selecting optimum utilization of land and increase in production per unit area as well as purposeful decisions in allocation of agricultural [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
DEMATEL Land suitability evaluation based on multi-criteria decision-making methods for locating wind farms in Khorasan Razavi province [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 59-78]
Dempster-Shafer Comparative Analysis of Different Image Fusion Methods at the Pixel and Decision Levels on the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Dengue fever Modeling the Spatial Distribution of the Vectors of Dengue Fever in Iranusing the Maximum Entropy Model and Genetic Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 69-90]
Density Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Urban Form and Accessibility in Tehran’s Neighborhoods [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Depth Change Evaluation of Anzali Wetland Depth Changes Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data over Thirty Years [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 73-82]
Descriptor A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 61-84]
Desertification Assessment of Areas Susceptible to Desertification with Emphasis on Erosion Models Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis A Case Study (Sistan Suture Zone and Afghan Blocks) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 59-78]
Destructive human activities Trend Analysis of MODIS-NDVI Time Series and Its Relationship with Land Use Changes in Golestan Province [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Deteriorated urban fabric Assessment and Prioritization of Urban Redevelopment Strategies for Deteriorated Areas Using Remote Sensing Technology and the BWM Method (Case Study: Zanjan, Iran)" [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 101-118]
Differential Moran’s I Spatio-Temporal Analyses of Pedestrian Accidents Using Time Series and Differential Moran’s I, Case Study: Mashhad [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 79-108]
Digital elevation model The Accuracy of Flow Direction Algorithms and ASTER, SRTM DEMs and Topographic Maps of 1:25000 for Extracting Fractal Dimension of Drainage Networks [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 33-54]
Digital elevation model Performance Evaluation of Digital Elevation Models in Geomorphological Studies [(Articles in Press)]
Digital elevation model (DEM) The combination of attraction model and genetic algorithm to predict stream networks [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 83-94]
Digital elevation model (DEM) Seismic Hazard Assessment Using Arithmetic-Weighted Overlay Method Based on Earthquake Potential Index (EPI), Southwest of Iran [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 23-40]
Digital Map Determination of Optimum Geo-Morphometric Parameters to Digital Soil Map (Case Study: Tehran Province, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 171-190]
Digital Surface Model extraction Evaluation of the Deep Learning-Based Sat-MVSF Algorithm in DSM Extraction from High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Digital Twin Utilizing digital twins as a novel approach to enhancing the management of smart cities [(Articles in Press)]
Digitization Making Digitization of Land Parcels Precise by Preserving Area and Dimensions [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 33-44]
Dijkestra algorithm Determination of the Uncertainty Derived from Input Data in Path Finding Analysis Output [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 63-76]
Dimension reduction Improving the Nonparametric Weighted Feature Extraction Method by Using Training Sample's Linear Combination in Hyperspectral Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 17-30]
Dioeid Determination of the Uncertainty Derived from Input Data in Path Finding Analysis Output [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 63-76]
Disagreement A Comparative study of the traditional accuracy assessment and disagreement measures of the classification of remote sensing imagery [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 55-68]
Discomfort Index Provide New Discomfort Indices at Fire Time Using Results of Agent-Based Geosimulation (Case Study: Hafte-Tir Subway Station) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 17-36]
Discriminant analysis Improving the Nonparametric Weighted Feature Extraction Method by Using Training Sample's Linear Combination in Hyperspectral Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 17-30]
Dissimilarity Measure Improvement of Clustering for Hyperspectral Images using Spectral Information Divergence [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 17-32]
Distribution map Preparation and Verification of Poplar Plantation Mapping Using Satellite Data of Sentinel-2 and Ground Data in Zanjan Province [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 1-14]
Distribution warehouses Assessing the Location of Distribution Warehouses Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: An ANP-OWA Approach [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 22-36]
DPSIR Evaluation of Ecotourism Effects on Rudbar-e Qasran and Lavasanat Zone Using the DPSIR Framework [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 109-126]
Drastic Determine the Vulnerability of the Aquifer Using the Standard Drastic and Data-Based Methods (Case Study: Kochisfahan Aquifer) [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 99-116]
Dried Lake-bed of Urmia Lake Estimating soil salinity in the dried lake bed of Urmia Lake using optical Sentinel-2B images and multivariate linear regression models [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 101-120]
Drinking water quality A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
Drought Effect of climatic zoning and altitude zoning on the correlation of remote sensing drought indices with Precipitation data and Introducing local indicators [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 47-62]
Drought Analysis of Performance of vegetation indices on agricultural drought using remote sensing technique in Karkheh basin [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 29-46]
Drought Combination of EVI and SPI Indices for Mapping of Drought-Prone Areas (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 1-22]
Drought Spatiotemporal Assessment of the Intensity, Duration, Frequency and Magnitude of the Drought by Using Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 55-74]
Drought Sensitivity of Vegetation Dryness Index (VDI) to Reflectance of Different Shortwave Infrared Bands in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (Case Study: Sistan & Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 103-118]
Drought Investigating the Relationship between Drought and Water Quality Reduction Using Remote Sensing and Neural Network Methods [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 75-90]
Drought Estimation of Fire Area in Iranian Vegetation Using MODIS and Alos-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 103-124]
Drought Identifying Fire-Prone Areas in the Vegetation of Lorestan Province Using Infrared Images [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 151-170]
Drought A Novel Assessment of Hydrological Drought in the Central Plateau Basins of Iran Using the New Groundwater Storage Product [(Articles in Press)]
Drought extent Spatiotemporal Assessment of the Intensity, Duration, Frequency and Magnitude of the Drought by Using Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 55-74]
Drought monitoring An Investigation of Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices Ability in Drought Condition Prediction in Iran [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 101-112]
Drought stress Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration Using SEBAL Algorithm and Comparison with Improved FAO 56 Standard Evapotranspiration with KC-NDVI Relationship [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 73-92]
Dry and wet edges in scatter plot Development of Temperature/ Vegetation Indexes for Estimating Soil Moisture Content Using Co- Moisture Lines Extracted from a One- Year Temperature/ Vegetation Scatter Plot of MODIS Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 1-22]
DSM Change Detection in Residential Areas Construction by Using Photogrammetry Products [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Dual polarimetric SAR Polarimetric Feature Comparison of Full and Dual Polarimetric SAR [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 87-100]
Dual-Polarization Index Crop mapping using machine learning algorithms and dual-polarized indices derived from multi-temporal Sentinel-1 data [(Articles in Press)]
Dubois model Estimation of Soil Surface Moisture Using ALOSPALSAR-2 Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 93-112]
Dust Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
Dust The Effect of Salt Dust Storms on the Health of Plants in the Eastern Basin of Urmia Lake [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 101-118]
Dust enhancement Dust Detection Using MODIS Satellite Images Using An Artificial Neural Network [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 37-54]
Dust occuarrances Monitoring and Assessing of Dust Occurance Effects on Precipitation Variations in South-West of Iran Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 79-98]
Dust Sources Presentation And Evaluation of A New Spatiotemporal Model For Dust Emission In Regional Scale(DustEM) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 1-18]
Dust storm Analysis of Dust Storm Effects on Reflectance Spectra of Wheat Canopy [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 13-26]
Dust storm Analysis of Barriers to Blue Band Albedo Satellite Observations in Iran [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 23-38]
Dust storms Dust storms monitoring and predicting, using remote sensing, geographic information systems and observational data based on NDVI and climate elements A Case Study :( South and South East of Iran) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 27-44]
Dust storms Dust Storms Chemical Elements Estimation and Density Identification Using MODIS Images and CALIPSO Data [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 1-16]
Dust storms A Convolutional Neural Network Model for Predicting the Transport Pathway of Dust Storms [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 129-139]
Dust storms Monitoring and analysis of dust storm trajectories in Sistan and Baluchestan Province using MODIS satellite products and the HYSPLIT model [(Articles in Press)]

E

Earthquake Detection of earthquake damaged buildings in satellite images using texture analysis and Very High Resolution (VHR) A case study of the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 17-32]
Earthquake Investigating Urban Vulnerability against Earthquakes Using GIS and BWM Model (Case Study: A Part of the Tabriz Metropolis)(Case study: a part of the Tabriz city) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 37-54]
Earthquakes [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Earth Surface Temperature Investigating Air Pollution during the Corona Era and before that in the Metropolises of Tehran, Isfahan and Qom [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 101-116]
Ecological Capability Modelling Ecological Capability, Using Fuzzy Logic (Case study area: Borkhar and Meymeh townships) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-38]
Ecological changes Assessing ecological change and analyzing patterns governing the landscape Case study: Varzeghan county [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Ecological drought Ecological Drought Monitoring of Middle Zagros Based on Landsat 7 Satellite Data and Climate Data (Case Study: Lorestan Province) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 125-142]
Ecological Security Investigation of Nazarabad County Ecological Security Based on the Trend of Land Use Changes Using Landscape Metrics [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 107-123]
Edge detection [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Edge information Improvement of Markov Random Field Technique for Unsupervised Change Detection from Multichannel SAR Images [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 21-40]
EEFLUX Comparison of Remote Sensing Methods for Estimating Actual Daily Evapotranspiration Using Landsat 8 Multispectral Images [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 19-42]
Electromagnetic waves Determining the Most Appropriate Electromagnetic Spectrum for Predicting Nutrients in a Number of Rangeland Species Using Remote Sensing [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 31-46]
Elevation Changes Efficient Adaptive Local Thresholding for Improving Elevation Change Detection in Urban Environments Using Bi-temporal LiDAR Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Emergency Provide New Discomfort Indices at Fire Time Using Results of Agent-Based Geosimulation (Case Study: Hafte-Tir Subway Station) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 17-36]
Emergency roads network Retrofitting Resources Allocation Model for Bridges in the Emergency Roads Network of Tehran after an Earthquake: Optimization Model Using GIS [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 109-127]
Empirical Orthogonal Functions Evaluation of the Performance of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) Algorithm in Reconstructing Missing Data with Different Intensities in the Hourly Land Surface Temperature Time Series [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 39-58]
Energy function [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Energy minimization Improvement of Markov Random Field Technique for Unsupervised Change Detection from Multichannel SAR Images [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 21-40]
Engineering judgment Site Selection of Hezar-Masjed Mountain Water Transmission Tunnel Using by the Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Shannon Entropy [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 171-192]
Enhanced vegetation index Combination of EVI and SPI Indices for Mapping of Drought-Prone Areas (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 1-22]
Enrichment Preparation of Distribution and Health map of Afforestation in Langroud County using Sentinel-2 Sensor Images and Field Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Ensemble Model Spatial Modeling of Species Distribution and predicting potential distribution of the Iranian long-legged wood frog Abstract [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 95-108]
Ensemble Model A New Forecasting Approach Using the Combination of Machine Learning to Predict Flood Susceptibility (Case Study: Karun Catchment) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Ensemble strategy Review: Satellite Data Assimilation in Calibration of Crop Growth Model, more Emphasize on Sensitivity Analysis Techniques [(Articles in Press)]
Entropy The Comparison of Resilience and Resistance Approaches in Flood Risk Management (Case Study of Qezel Ozan River in Mahneshan Basin) [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 41-56]
Entropy Polarimetric Feature Comparison of Full and Dual Polarimetric SAR [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 87-100]
Entropy and Anisotropy Segmentation of Polarimetric Interferometric Radar Images using Shannon Entropies and Markov Random Field Algorithm [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 121-144]
Environmental Covariates Determination of Optimum Geo-Morphometric Parameters to Digital Soil Map (Case Study: Tehran Province, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 171-190]
Environmental Health A Hybrid Dispersion Fuzzy Landuse Regression Model for Quantitative Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Urban Transportation Planning in Isfahan, Iran [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 91-110]
Environmental parameters A Review of Remote Sensing Methods in Identifying and Monitoring Forest Fires [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 19-52]
ENVISAT-ASAR PS-InSAR Time Series Analysis Using Sentinel-1A and ENVISAT-ASAR Data Stacks for Subsidence Estimation in Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 57-72]
EOS Monitoring the Changes of Vegetation Phenological Cycles in Ahvaz city Using Remote Sensing Images [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 1-24]
Ephemeris Data A New Model for Geometrical Correction of Satellite Imagery, Using 2D Polynomials and Satellite Navigation Data [Volume 4, Issue 3, 2012]
Epipolar Resampling A Novel Approach for Epipolar Resampling of Linear Pushbroom Images Based on Orbital Parameters Model [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 19-36]
ERA5 Estimation of Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing Data (Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 37-50]
Erodibility Comparison of the Intensity of Coastline Changes and Erosion of the Main Ports on the Caspian Sea Coast [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 73-86]
Erosion Determining the Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Model and GIS System in Khorkhoreh Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 87-102]
Erosion Assessment of Areas Susceptible to Desertification with Emphasis on Erosion Models Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis A Case Study (Sistan Suture Zone and Afghan Blocks) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 59-78]
Esfordi deposit The Capability of Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI Data for Discrimination of Lithological Units and Alteration Minerals of Esfordi Phosphate Deposit Area, Central Iran [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 1-18]
ESTARFM model Fusion of MODIS and OLI Images for Estimating Daily Surface Reflectance at 30m Spatial Resolution in Complex Heterogeneous Regions [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 71-90]
Estuary Integrated Assessment and Spatial Mapping of Environmental Hazards Affecting the Ecological Status of the Estuaries at the Watershed Scale (Case Study of Tajan River) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 149-170]
ETM+ Comparing Landsat Water Indices for Automated Narrow-Shallow Rivers (Case Study: A Section of Karoon River) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 99-116]
ETM+ Enhancement of Spatial Resolution of Thermal Bands Using Vegetation and Impervious Surface Indices [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 33-44]
ETM+ Sensor Comparing the Results of Actual Evapotranspiration from SEBAL and METRIC Models Using MODIS and ETM+ Sensor Images [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 63-74]
ETo Study of Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of ETo and Temperature in Khorasan Razavi Province Using CRU TS Dataset and Their Future Projections Based on CMIP5 Climate Models [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 55-72]
Eulerian cycle Linear Dual Graph Calculus and its Applications in GIS [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-16]
EV Monitoring the Changes of Vegetation Phenological Cycles in Ahvaz city Using Remote Sensing Images [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 1-24]
Evapotranspiration MODIS image downscaling using STARFM and SADFAT algorithms for daily Landsat-like spatial resolution evapotranspiration mapping [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 123-140]
Evapotranspiration Estimation of Crop Coefficients in the Moghan Cultivation Industry and the Study of Relationship between Evapotranspiration and Yield Performance [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 11-28]
Evapotranspiration Adoption of IoT technology to estimate evapotranspiration from satellite imagery [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 33-44]
Evapotranspiration Comparison of Remote Sensing Methods for Estimating Actual Daily Evapotranspiration Using Landsat 8 Multispectral Images [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 19-42]
EVI and VCI Analysis of Performance of vegetation indices on agricultural drought using remote sensing technique in Karkheh basin [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 29-46]
Excavation preference Site Selection of Hezar-Masjed Mountain Water Transmission Tunnel Using by the Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Shannon Entropy [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 171-192]

F

FAHP Determine Potential Fishing Zones in the Persian Gulf Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 37-48]
FAO 56 Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration Using SEBAL Algorithm and Comparison with Improved FAO 56 Standard Evapotranspiration with KC-NDVI Relationship [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 73-92]
Fars Spectral analysis and enhancement of Sureyan complex lithological units, northeastern of Fars, using satellite imagery data of ASTER and Sentinel 2 [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 63-78]
Feature [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Feature extraction Introducing a Method for Classification of AVIRIS Hyperspectral Data, using Feature Extraction and Classifier Ensemble Methods [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 101-118]
Feature extraction A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
Feature Fusion Change Detection in Remote Sensing Data Using Attention Network [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 139-163]
Feature generation Dust Detection Using MODIS Satellite Images Using An Artificial Neural Network [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 37-54]
Feature selection A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
Feature selection Integration of high spatial resolution SAR and multispectral images for building detection in urban areas [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 1-16]
Feature selection Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
Fire Provide New Discomfort Indices at Fire Time Using Results of Agent-Based Geosimulation (Case Study: Hafte-Tir Subway Station) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 17-36]
Fire A Review of Remote Sensing Methods in Identifying and Monitoring Forest Fires [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 19-52]
Fishery Determine Potential Fishing Zones in the Persian Gulf Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 37-48]
Flight delays Evaluation of Combination of Bees Meta-Heuristic Algorithm with Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to Upgrade its Performance for Site Selection of Reserve Aircraft in the Air Industry [(Articles in Press)]
Flood A New Forecasting Approach Using the Combination of Machine Learning to Predict Flood Susceptibility (Case Study: Karun Catchment) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Flood Estimating the Runoff Coefficient by Combining Arc CN-Runoff, SCS-CN and ICAR Empirical Relationship (Case Study: Selseleh Study Area - Lorestan Province) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 57-76]
Flood Effect of Digital Elevation Models Spatial Resolutions on Nash and Rosso Instantaneous unit Hydrograph Performance (case study: Kasilian Watershed) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 55-74]
Flood Flood risk Monitoring of June 1402 in Zanjan Province Using Sentinel-1 Images [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 79-92]
Flood and Gorganrood Investigation of Intensity- Duration- Area of Rainfall and its Impact on Floods Using Radar Images (Case Study of the Flood on May 2014) [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 73-86]
Flooding Flood Susceptibility Prediction Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach and Integration of Remote Sensing Data in Google Earth Engine [(Articles in Press)]
Flood monitoring Capability of Infrared & Passive Microwaves Remotely Sensed Data for Rainfall Estimation and Flood Monitoring (Case Study: Golestan Province, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 31-44]
Flood risk management The Comparison of Resilience and Resistance Approaches in Flood Risk Management (Case Study of Qezel Ozan River in Mahneshan Basin) [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 41-56]
Flood Susceptibility Flood Susceptibility Prediction Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach and Integration of Remote Sensing Data in Google Earth Engine [(Articles in Press)]
FNEA approach Monitoring the Urban heat islands with a Fractal Net Evolution (FNEA) Approach (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis) [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 93-112]
FNF-JAXA Estimation of Fire Area in Iranian Vegetation Using MODIS and Alos-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 103-124]
Focal Technology A Multi-Sectoral Transition Analysis in the Development and Utilization of Remote Sensing Technology Based on the Multi-Level Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
Food Security Comparison of Remote Sensing Methods for Estimating Actual Daily Evapotranspiration Using Landsat 8 Multispectral Images [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 19-42]
Forcing method Remote Sensing Data Assimilation by Forcing Method in Simulation of Silage Maize Yield Using AquaCrop Model [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 109-128]
Forest biomass Modeling the Above-Ground Biomass Estimation in Zagros Oak Coppice Forests Using Radar Data of Sentinel-1 Satellite [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 35-52]
Forest canopy cover Investigation of Atmospheric Correction Methods in Estimation of Forest Canopy Density of Guilan Province Using Vegetation Indices of Landsat 8 Data [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 93-110]
Forest development Preparation of Distribution and Health map of Afforestation in Langroud County using Sentinel-2 Sensor Images and Field Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Forest height estimation A Novel Method for Forest Height Estimation Using PolInSAR Data [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 57-72]
Forest stand volume Estimation of Forest Stand Volume Using ICESat/GLAS Data in Mountainous Forests in the North of Iran [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 85-98]
Fourier transform Measurement of Surface Changes and Velocity fields of Alam-chal Glacier Using Satellite Imagery and Aerialphotos [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 1-16]
Fourier transform Speckle reduction in SAR images based on an adaptive filtering in the frequency domain [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Fractal dimension The Accuracy of Flow Direction Algorithms and ASTER, SRTM DEMs and Topographic Maps of 1:25000 for Extracting Fractal Dimension of Drainage Networks [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 33-54]
Fractal dimensión Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using a Combination of Features Extracted From the Weighted Local Kernel Matrix of Spectral and Fractal Features [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 43-64]
Fragstats Assessing ecological change and analyzing patterns governing the landscape Case study: Varzeghan county [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Frequency Analysis of Barriers to Blue Band Albedo Satellite Observations in Iran [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 23-38]
FRICTION ANGLE Zoning of Soil Shear Strength Parameters (Case Study: Kermanshah) [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 31-40]
Full polarimetric SAR Polarimetric Feature Comparison of Full and Dual Polarimetric SAR [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 87-100]
Fusion Model Improving the Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using the Combined Model of CapsNet and the Extreme Gradient Boosting [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Fuzzy clustering Improvement of Unsupervised Classification for Hyperspectral Images using Gustafson-Kessel Clustering Model [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 97-114]
Fuzzy graph Determination of the Uncertainty Derived from Input Data in Path Finding Analysis Output [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 63-76]
Fuzzy Inference System [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Fuzzy Inference System Detection of earthquake damaged buildings in satellite images using texture analysis and Very High Resolution (VHR) A case study of the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 17-32]
Fuzzy Inference System Evaluation and Comparison of Public Satisfaction in Iranian Provinces Using User Generated Geo-Content (UGGC) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 65-86]
Fuzzy inference systems Due to the rapid population growth and urban development which results in limited arable land, land evaluation for selecting optimum utilization of land and increase in production per unit area as well as purposeful decisions in allocation of agricultural [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Fuzzy logic Modelling Ecological Capability, Using Fuzzy Logic (Case study area: Borkhar and Meymeh townships) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-38]
Fuzzy logic Positioning lands prone for cultivating ficus fars province using fuzzy logic and the GIS approach [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Fuzzy logic Investigation of Alteration Deposit Zones of Porphyry Copper Ore Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery (Aster, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2) and Ground Controls (Case study: MasjedDaghi copper deposit - NW Iran) [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 47-74]
Fuzzy logic Optimal Location Determination for 63.20 kV Substation Construction Using Network Analysis Process and Fuzzy Logic in GIS [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 123-146]
Fuzzy Method Investigation of Water Quality Using Fuzzy and Analytic Network Process (ANP) Methods in GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 113-126]
Fuzzy multi-criteria analysis [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Fuzzy Network Determine the Vulnerability of the Aquifer Using the Standard Drastic and Data-Based Methods (Case Study: Kochisfahan Aquifer) [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 99-116]
Fuzzy TOPSIS [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2010]

G

G3P A Novel Assessment of Hydrological Drought in the Central Plateau Basins of Iran Using the New Groundwater Storage Product [(Articles in Press)]
Gap filling Automatic Gap Filling in Road Extraction Using Radon Transformation and Spline Interpolation [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 19-34]
GARP Modeling the Spatial Distribution of the Vectors of Dengue Fever in Iranusing the Maximum Entropy Model and Genetic Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 69-90]
Gauss-Seidel’s algorithm Determination of the Uncertainty Derived from Input Data in Path Finding Analysis Output [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 63-76]
Gavkhouni [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
GDD Mapping Phenological Stages of Two Rangeland Species Using MODIS Growing Degree Days in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 83-102]
Genetic algorithm [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Genetic algorithm Change Detection of Urban Areas based on Neural Networks, Spatial Features and Genetic Algorithm using High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 55-68]
Genetic algorithm Evaluation of the Capabilities of Integration of Rough Sets and Genetic Algorithms for Data Mining and Rule Extraction in Domestic Water Usage in Tehran City [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 61-78]
Genetic algorithm The combination of attraction model and genetic algorithm to predict stream networks [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 83-94]
Genetic Algorithm (GA) Modeling the Above-Ground Biomass Estimation in Zagros Oak Coppice Forests Using Radar Data of Sentinel-1 Satellite [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 35-52]
Genetic heuristic algorithm Providing a Model for Optimizing the Allocation of Land Use for Virtual Water Storage by Using the Meta- Heuristic Algorithms [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 15-32]
Geographically Weighted Regression Spatial Analysis of GOVID-19 Outbreak Using Spatial Regression [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 67-80]
Geographical Weighted Regression Analyzing of the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation and its response to environmental factors in north of Fars province, Iran [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 61-82]
Geographic Coordinates Evaluation of Classical Statistical Methods for Estimating and Reconstructing the Daily Temperature in Iran [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-112]
Geographic Information System Evaluation of Environmental Criteria Affecting Citizens' Health Using Geographic Information System (Case Example: Agheh Zaman Neighborhood of Sanandaj city) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 105-136]
Geographic Information System Smart Emergency Services Using Geographical Information System and Internet of Things [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 159-178]
Geographic Information System Modeling, Routing, and Visual Simulation of Building Interior Spaces Using BIM and GIS [(Articles in Press)]
Geographic Information System (GIS) Zoning of Soil Shear Strength Parameters (Case Study: Kermanshah) [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 31-40]
Geographic Information System (GIS) Optimal Location Determination for 63.20 kV Substation Construction Using Network Analysis Process and Fuzzy Logic in GIS [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 123-146]
Geographic Information System (GIS) Seismic Hazard Assessment Using Arithmetic-Weighted Overlay Method Based on Earthquake Potential Index (EPI), Southwest of Iran [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 23-40]
Geographic Information System (GIS) Investigating Urban Vulnerability against Earthquakes Using GIS and BWM Model (Case Study: A Part of the Tabriz Metropolis)(Case study: a part of the Tabriz city) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 37-54]
Geographic Information System(GIS) Prediction of the Possibility of Prehistoric Archaeological Sites from Calcolithic to Iron Age using Logistic Regression Model in GIS, Case study: Harsin_Bisotun Plain [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 43-58]
Geographic information systems Retrofitting Resources Allocation Model for Bridges in the Emergency Roads Network of Tehran after an Earthquake: Optimization Model Using GIS [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 109-127]
Geographic information systems Assessing Spatial Equity Accessibility to Educational Services in the Study Area of District 18 in Tehran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 99-120]
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Forecasting Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Risk Through Integrated Simulated Remote-Sensing Data and Epidemiological Records [(Articles in Press)]
Geography Information System [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Geometric Correction A New Model for Geometrical Correction of Satellite Imagery, Using 2D Polynomials and Satellite Navigation Data [Volume 4, Issue 3, 2012]
Geometric Correction Geometric Correction of BaySpec OCI-F Pushbroom Hyperspectral Images via the Sequential Geometric Mappings among Simultaneous Video Frames Estimated by Least Square Matching [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 17-37]
Geometric correction of high resolution satellite image (HRSIs) Geometric Assessment of Non-physical Models for Geometric Correction of High Resolution Pushbroom Satellite Image Based on Point and Line Control Feature [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 17-40]
Geomorphology Performance Evaluation of Digital Elevation Models in Geomorphological Studies [(Articles in Press)]
Geomorphometry Application Indexes Geomorphometry Groundwater Springs on Spatial Modeling Occurrence at Central Alborz Probable with the Approach Weights-of-Evidence [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 61-74]
Geomorphon Performance Evaluation of Digital Elevation Models in Geomorphological Studies [(Articles in Press)]
GeoSFM Capability of Infrared & Passive Microwaves Remotely Sensed Data for Rainfall Estimation and Flood Monitoring (Case Study: Golestan Province, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 31-44]
Geosimulation Provide New Discomfort Indices at Fire Time Using Results of Agent-Based Geosimulation (Case Study: Hafte-Tir Subway Station) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 17-36]
Geospatial analysis Evaluation and Comparison of Public Satisfaction in Iranian Provinces Using User Generated Geo-Content (UGGC) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 65-86]
Geospatial Information System Urban Land Use Allocation Using MCDMs and GIS, Case Study: Zanjan City [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 37-58]
Geospatial Information Systems Evaluating the Effect of Roughness Length Index on Modelling the Maximum Intensity of Urban Heat Islands Using Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information Systems (Case study: District 22, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-100]
Ggeographic information system Objective Measurement of Environmental Factors Influencing the Citizens’ Physical Activity, by Employing Geographic Information System, Case Study: Sanandaj city [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 65-92]
Ghale Chai Estimation and Zoning Soil Erosion using the Analysis Network Process and GIS (Case Study: Ghale Chai Basin) [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 1-10]
Ghorveh-Dehgolan Plain Estimation of Soil Texture and Amount of Free Iron Oxides Using Landsat 8 Satellite Bands and Regression Analysis [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 73-88]
Gini coefficient The Access to the City's Rail Transport Network Using the Gini Index and Curve Lorenz in Horizon 2031 [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 117-132]
Gini coefficient A Combined Approach Utilizing Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Equity Indicators to Prioritize the Development of Bus Rapid Transit Lines until 1410 (Case Study of Isfahan, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 129-150]
GIS Evaluaion of Various Methods for Weighting Spatial Information in GIS (Case Study: Mineral Potential Mapping) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 73-88]
GIS Modelling Ecological Capability, Using Fuzzy Logic (Case study area: Borkhar and Meymeh townships) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-38]
GIS Micro-simulation Model to Estimate Accessibility to Urban Services: A GIS-based and Land Use and Transportation Integrated Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 45-62]
GIS [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
GIS [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
GIS A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
GIS Presentation And Evaluation of A New Spatiotemporal Model For Dust Emission In Regional Scale(DustEM) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 1-18]
GIS A Smart Location Model, Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms to Find Optimal Routes in the Road Network [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 111-126]
GIS Prediction of Tehran Air Pollution Using PCA-ANFIS Method [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 45-70]
GIS Assessing the Location of Distribution Warehouses Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: An ANP-OWA Approach [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 22-36]
GIS Evaluation of Ecotourism Effects on Rudbar-e Qasran and Lavasanat Zone Using the DPSIR Framework [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 109-126]
GIS Improved Automatic Polygonal Restoration in Geographic Information Systems [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 75-94]
GIS Positioning lands prone for cultivating ficus fars province using fuzzy logic and the GIS approach [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 1-16]
GIS Land suitability evaluation based on multi-criteria decision-making methods for locating wind farms in Khorasan Razavi province [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 59-78]
GIS Managing the capacity of the railway network based on effective spatial and operational parameters using a service-oriented approach [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 97-112]
GIS Estimation and Zoning Soil Erosion using the Analysis Network Process and GIS (Case Study: Ghale Chai Basin) [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 1-10]
GIS Application of GIS in Predicting Rail Network Capacity through Linear Regression [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 93-118]
GIS A Review of Recent Researches on Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 33-58]
GIS Determining the Land Suitability for Dryland Wheat Cultivation Using GIS Based VIKOR Decision Model: A Case Study of Fars Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 15-34]
GIS Determining the Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Model and GIS System in Khorkhoreh Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 87-102]
GIS Determination of Optimum Geo-Morphometric Parameters to Digital Soil Map (Case Study: Tehran Province, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 171-190]
GIS Landslide susceptibility modelling using random forest machine learning algorithm along Haraz road [(Articles in Press)]
Glacier Measurement of Surface Changes and Velocity fields of Alam-chal Glacier Using Satellite Imagery and Aerialphotos [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 1-16]
GLDAS Data of Moisture of Soil Spatial Monitoring of Drought Using Remote Sensing Indices, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 35-56]
GLDAS Global Model Precipitation Data Sensitivity of Vegetation Dryness Index (VDI) to Reflectance of Different Shortwave Infrared Bands in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (Case Study: Sistan & Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 103-118]
Global matching [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Global Moran Application of Spatial Autocorrelation Techniques in Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Domestic Water Consumption in the City of Qom at the Household Level [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 101-118]
GMDH Neural Network Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
Google Earth Engine Cropland Mapping through Integration of Segmentation and Classification Techniques in Google Earth Engine [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 1-20]
Google Earth Engine Ecological Drought Monitoring of Middle Zagros Based on Landsat 7 Satellite Data and Climate Data (Case Study: Lorestan Province) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 125-142]
Google Earth Engine An analysis of the Trend Changes in Water Resources and Factors Affecting it in the Central Plateau of Iran Using Satellite Products [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Google Earth Engine Estimating Corn Leaf Area Index Using Satellite Imagery on Google Earth Engine Platform and Validating Against WOFOST Model Outputs [(Articles in Press)]
Google Earth Engine Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
Google Earth Engine Crop mapping using machine learning algorithms and dual-polarized indices derived from multi-temporal Sentinel-1 data [(Articles in Press)]
Google Earth Engine Monitoring and Analyzing the Impacts of Climatic Variables and Human Activities on Water Extent Changes of Kajaki Dam Reservoir Using Advanced Satellite Spectral Indices [(Articles in Press)]
Google Earth Engine Flood Susceptibility Prediction Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach and Integration of Remote Sensing Data in Google Earth Engine [(Articles in Press)]
Google Earth Engine Platform Potato Fields Mapping Based on the Phenology Feature and Support Vector Machine Utilizing Google Earth Engine Platform [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Google Earth system Preparation of Distribution and Health map of Afforestation in Langroud County using Sentinel-2 Sensor Images and Field Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Google Maps Images Spatio-Temporal Neural Network–Based Traffic Analysis and Prediction Using Google Maps Imagery [(Articles in Press)]
GOSAT Satellite Evaluation of CO2 Greenhouse Gas Estimation Algorithms Based on GOSAT Satellite Data and Ground-based Observation Stations [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 23-36]
GPM Study of Precipitation Data of GPM and TRMM Satellites in Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Scales at Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 45-60]
GPM The Evaluation of GPM Precipitation Remote Sensing Data with Observed Data (Case Study: Mid-West of Iran) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 115-124]
GPM-GSMAP_G (V04) Evaluation of Half-Hour GPM-GSMAP_G (V04) and One-Hour GPM-IMERG_F (V06) Satellite Precipitation Products in East Azarbaijan Province [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
GPM-IMERG_F (V06) Evaluation of Half-Hour GPM-GSMAP_G (V04) and One-Hour GPM-IMERG_F (V06) Satellite Precipitation Products in East Azarbaijan Province [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Gradient Boosting Investigating and Modeling the Effect of the Composition and Arrangement of the Landscapes of Yazd City on the Land Surface Temperature Using Machine Learning and Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 1-26]
Graph Linear Dual Graph Calculus and its Applications in GIS [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-16]
Graph Convolution Spatio-Temporal Neural Network–Based Traffic Analysis and Prediction Using Google Maps Imagery [(Articles in Press)]
Gravimetric Investigation and Use of Remote Sensing and Geophysical Methods to Potential Iron Ore- Northeast of Deh Chah-Fars [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 121-148]
Greenhouse Gas Evaluation of CO2 Greenhouse Gas Estimation Algorithms Based on GOSAT Satellite Data and Ground-based Observation Stations [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 23-36]
Greenhouse gases Remote Sensing Approaches for Methane Greenhouse Gas Monitoring: A Review of Satellite and Airborne Techniques [(Articles in Press)]
Ground reference Preparation of Distribution and Health map of Afforestation in Langroud County using Sentinel-2 Sensor Images and Field Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Groundwater spring potential Determination of Groundwater Spring Potential Using Maximum Entropy, GIS and RS Emphasizing HAND Topographic-Hydrologic New Index (Case Study: Urmia Lake Basin) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 119-138]
Groundwater springs Application Indexes Geomorphometry Groundwater Springs on Spatial Modeling Occurrence at Central Alborz Probable with the Approach Weights-of-Evidence [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 61-74]
Groundwater storage A Novel Assessment of Hydrological Drought in the Central Plateau Basins of Iran Using the New Groundwater Storage Product [(Articles in Press)]
Gully erosion Prediction of Gully Erosion Using RADAR Sensor of Alos and Maximum Entropy Model in Alvand Basin [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 95-110]
Gustafson-Kessel clustering model Improvement of Unsupervised Classification for Hyperspectral Images using Gustafson-Kessel Clustering Model [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 97-114]
GWQI A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
Gyan Evaluation of Soil Calcium Carbonate Using of Satellite Images and NIR Spectroscopy [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 77-94]

H

Habitat Risk Assessment of the Coastal Habitats of Larak Islands Using the InVEST Model [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 23-32]
Hamiltonian cycle Linear Dual Graph Calculus and its Applications in GIS [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-16]
Hamoun Lakes Assessment and forecasting of surface water changes in the Hamoun Lakes using Landsat imagery and CA-Markov model [(Articles in Press)]
HAND Index Determination of Groundwater Spring Potential Using Maximum Entropy, GIS and RS Emphasizing HAND Topographic-Hydrologic New Index (Case Study: Urmia Lake Basin) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 119-138]
Haraz Dam Investigating the effects of urban landfilling based on satellite data on the water quality of Haraz Dam [(Articles in Press)]
Haraz road Landslide susceptibility modelling using random forest machine learning algorithm along Haraz road [(Articles in Press)]
Harmonic Analysis Effect of height and temperature on plant phenological processes using harmonic analysis of MODIS NDVI time series (Case study: Shirkouh, Yazd province) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 1-22]
Harsin_Bisotun plain Prediction of the Possibility of Prehistoric Archaeological Sites from Calcolithic to Iron Age using Logistic Regression Model in GIS, Case study: Harsin_Bisotun Plain [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 43-58]
Heat island Utility of Single Channel Algorithm in Heat Island Analysis [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 87-102]
Heat island Anlysis of Spatiotemporal Behavior of Mashhad Metropolis’s Urban Heat Island [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 35-50]
Helmand Basin [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Hierarchical Fuzzy Inference System A Hybrid Dispersion Fuzzy Landuse Regression Model for Quantitative Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Urban Transportation Planning in Isfahan, Iran [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 91-110]
Hierarchical Levels Land Use Classification Based on Conceptual Features [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
High Resolution Satellite Ant Colony Optimization of RFM for Geometric Correction [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 1-18]
High resolution satellite images Measurement of Surface Changes and Velocity fields of Alam-chal Glacier Using Satellite Imagery and Aerialphotos [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 1-16]
High spatial image Object based interpretation of high spatial remote sensing images based on knowledge-based systems [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 27-54]
High spatial resolution images Design and Implementation of an Object-Based AdaBoost Algorithm Based on Active Learning for Land-Cover Classification in High-Resolution Images [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 19-36]
Highway Network Spatio-Temporal Neural Network–Based Traffic Analysis and Prediction Using Google Maps Imagery [(Articles in Press)]
Hopfield neural network [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Horizontal Optical Detection Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
Horizontal visibility Monitoring and Assessing of Dust Occurance Effects on Precipitation Variations in South-West of Iran Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 79-98]
Hot spot Application of Spatial Autocorrelation Techniques in Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Domestic Water Consumption in the City of Qom at the Household Level [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 101-118]
Hot spot analysis Spatial Analysis of GOVID-19 Outbreak Using Spatial Regression [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 67-80]
Household water consumption Application of Spatial Autocorrelation Techniques in Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Domestic Water Consumption in the City of Qom at the Household Level [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 101-118]
Humanity casualty [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Hydrological drought Spatial Monitoring of Drought Using Remote Sensing Indices, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 35-56]
Hydrologic Alteration Hydro-Ecological Effects of Land-Use Change and Climate Variability: Insights from the Kashafrud River Basin, Northeastern Iran (1973–2023) [(Articles in Press)]
Hydrothermal alteration Alteration Mapping in the Motrabad Epithermal System, South of Razavi Khorasan Province: using ASTER remote sensing data [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Hyperion Investigation of the Vegetation Effect on the Surveying and Mineral Exploration Using Hyperspectrsl Data [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 115-131]
Hyperion image Applying the SAM Supervised Classification Algorithm to Prepare a Map of Rock Units Using Satellite Images [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Hyperspectral Imagery Analysis of the Classification's Accuracy Improvement by Fusion of ALI Panchromatic Image and Hyperion Hyperspectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 65-82]
Hyperspectral Imagery Building Detection with Special Roofing in Hyperspectral Images Using Marker-Based Hierarchical Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 91-104]
Hyperspectral images Improvement of Unsupervised Classification for Hyperspectral Images using Gustafson-Kessel Clustering Model [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 97-114]
Hyperspectral images Improvement of Clustering for Hyperspectral Images using Spectral Information Divergence [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 17-32]
Hyperspectral images Improving the Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using the Combined Model of CapsNet and the Extreme Gradient Boosting [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Hyperspectral images An Improved Approach for Spectral-spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images using Weighted Genetic and Neural Network Algorithms [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 1-17]
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Mapping Sugarcane Leaf Area Index by Inverting PRISMA Hyperspectral Images [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 85-108]
Hypsometric Curve Performance Evaluation of Digital Elevation Models in Geomorphological Studies [(Articles in Press)]
HYSPLIT Model Monitoring and analysis of dust storm trajectories in Sistan and Baluchestan Province using MODIS satellite products and the HYSPLIT model [(Articles in Press)]

I

ICESat GLAS Estimation of Forest Stand Volume Using ICESat/GLAS Data in Mountainous Forests in the North of Iran [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 85-98]
Illegal Constructions Presenting a Strategic Model of Intelligent Monitoring of Construction Violations in Urban Management (Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Area and Privacy) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Image Filtering A Method for Detectors Stripe Noise Correction in Landsat5 TM Images [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 45-60]
Image Fusion Analysis of the Classification's Accuracy Improvement by Fusion of ALI Panchromatic Image and Hyperion Hyperspectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 65-82]
Image Fusion Investigating and Modeling the Effect of the Composition and Arrangement of the Landscapes of Yazd City on the Land Surface Temperature Using Machine Learning and Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 1-26]
Image Integration Comparative Analysis of Different Image Fusion Methods at the Pixel and Decision Levels on the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Image registration A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 61-84]
Image registration A New Method in Image Matching Based on Spatial Relationships in Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Images [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 72-94]
Images of ETM+ [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Image thresholding Unsupervised Change Detection of Multi-temporal Satellite Images using PSO-based Image Thresholding Technique [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Imamzadeh Yahya Neighborhood Tehran Futures Study on the Livability of Worn Texture in Urban Crises (Case Study: Imamzadeh Yahya Neighborhood, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 21-38]
IMERG Study of Precipitation Data of GPM and TRMM Satellites in Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Scales at Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 45-60]
IMERG Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Satellite Precipitation Products in Mazandaran Province: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation with Emphasis on Station Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Impact Assessment A Hybrid Dispersion Fuzzy Landuse Regression Model for Quantitative Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Urban Transportation Planning in Isfahan, Iran [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 91-110]
Impervious surfaces Enhancement of Spatial Resolution of Thermal Bands Using Vegetation and Impervious Surface Indices [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 33-44]
Improved meshing Modeling, Routing, and Visual Simulation of Building Interior Spaces Using BIM and GIS [(Articles in Press)]
Improved RTF Model Development of a New method for Backscatter Correction of Sentinel-1 images in Topographic Regions, Case Study: Mazandaran Province [(Articles in Press)]
Index saturation Investigation of the saturation effect of vegetation indices in LAI estimation of crops [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 33-48]
Inland Water Estimating Chlorophyll a and Total Phosphorous in Anzali Wetland Using Three Band Model [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
InSAR-Subsidence-Groundwater Extraction PS-InSAR Time Series Analysis Using Sentinel-1A and ENVISAT-ASAR Data Stacks for Subsidence Estimation in Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 57-72]
Integration Cropland Mapping through Integration of Segmentation and Classification Techniques in Google Earth Engine [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 1-20]
Intelligent emergency response Smart Emergency Services Using Geographical Information System and Internet of Things [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 159-178]
Intelligent Monitoring System Presenting a Strategic Model of Intelligent Monitoring of Construction Violations in Urban Management (Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Area and Privacy) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) Evaluating the Efficiency of InSAR Coherence in Crop Type Mapping Using Machine Learning [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 133-160]
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) Soil erosion susceptibility mapping using Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR coherence and machine learning (Study area: Khuzestan province) [(Articles in Press)]
Interpolation error Modeling and Mapping of Interpolation Errors, by Using the Characteristics of Triangles [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 89-100]
Interpolation error Urban Land Use Compatibility Evaluation Model: A GIS based and Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 77-96]
Inverting Mapping Sugarcane Leaf Area Index by Inverting PRISMA Hyperspectral Images [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 85-108]
IoT Adoption of IoT technology to estimate evapotranspiration from satellite imagery [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 33-44]
Iran Prediction of Gully Erosion Using RADAR Sensor of Alos and Maximum Entropy Model in Alvand Basin [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 95-110]
Iran Analysis of Barriers to Blue Band Albedo Satellite Observations in Iran [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 23-38]
Iran Snow Cover Variability in the Cold Period of the Year in Iran Based on MODIS Measurements [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 59-72]
Iran Predicting the Impacts of Climate Change on the Distribution of Benni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi) Distribution under Different Climatic Scenarios [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-100]
Iran Modeling the Spatial Distribution of the Vectors of Dengue Fever in Iranusing the Maximum Entropy Model and Genetic Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 69-90]
Iran Evaluation of the Effect of Drought on the Vegetation of Iran Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 81-102]
Iran Investigating the Trend of Night Temperature Changes in Iran and the Effect of Carbon Dioxide [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 105-122]
Iran Analysis of the Time Series of Land Surface Albedo in Iran Using MODIS [(Articles in Press)]
Iranian Long-legged Wood Frog Spatial Modeling of Species Distribution and predicting potential distribution of the Iranian long-legged wood frog Abstract [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 95-108]
Iron Integration of ASTER Remote Sensing and Magnetometer Data to Identify Iron Sources (Case Study Northeast Neyriz-Fars Province) [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 93-116]
Iron ore Investigation of Topographic Changes in Open Pit Mines by Radar Interferometry (Case Study: Sangan- Khaf iron Ore Mines) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 27-40]
Iron ore Investigation and Use of Remote Sensing and Geophysical Methods to Potential Iron Ore- Northeast of Deh Chah-Fars [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 121-148]
Irrigation management Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration Using SEBAL Algorithm and Comparison with Improved FAO 56 Standard Evapotranspiration with KC-NDVI Relationship [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 73-92]
IRS [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
IRS-LISS III [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2011]
Isfahan [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Isfahan Metropolis Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Methane Pollutant Distribution in Metropolitan Areas Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (Case Study: Isfahan Metropolis) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 177-200]
ITS Developing an Agent-Based Model for Intelligent Control of Traffic Lights and Dynamic Routing [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 1-20]

K

Kajaki Dam [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Kajaki Dam Monitoring and Analyzing the Impacts of Climatic Variables and Human Activities on Water Extent Changes of Kajaki Dam Reservoir Using Advanced Satellite Spectral Indices [(Articles in Press)]
Karkheh basin Analysis of Performance of vegetation indices on agricultural drought using remote sensing technique in Karkheh basin [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 29-46]
Karkheh river basin Preparing hydrologic DEM and its application to produce a accumulated flow map (A Case study at Upstream of Karkheh dam) [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 85-98]
Karun Watershed A New Forecasting Approach Using the Combination of Machine Learning to Predict Flood Susceptibility (Case Study: Karun Catchment) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Karun Watershed Snow Cover Change Trends (NDSI) and the Impact of Regional and Global Teleconnection Patterns [(Articles in Press)]
Kashafrud River Basin Hydro-Ecological Effects of Land-Use Change and Climate Variability: Insights from the Kashafrud River Basin, Northeastern Iran (1973–2023) [(Articles in Press)]
Kashkan Watershed Estimating the Runoff Coefficient by Combining Arc CN-Runoff, SCS-CN and ICAR Empirical Relationship (Case Study: Selseleh Study Area - Lorestan Province) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 57-76]
Kaywords: Remote sensing Performance Analysis of Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms in Land Use Classification of the Metropolitan Area of Mashhad [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 111-132]
Kermanshah Zoning of Soil Shear Strength Parameters (Case Study: Kermanshah) [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 31-40]
Keywords: Albedo Analysis of the Time Series of Land Surface Albedo in Iran Using MODIS [(Articles in Press)]
Keywords: Barika Alteration Mapping in Barika Gold-Rich Massive Sulfide Deposit (East of Sardasht), Using ASTER and ETM Satellite Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 1-16]
Keywords: Change detection Unsupervised Change Detection of Multi-temporal Satellite Images using PSO-based Image Thresholding Technique [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Keywords: Cloud cover Evaluation of the Performance of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) Algorithm in Reconstructing Missing Data with Different Intensities in the Hourly Land Surface Temperature Time Series [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 39-58]
Keywords: Crop growth models Review: Satellite Data Assimilation in Calibration of Crop Growth Model, more Emphasize on Sensitivity Analysis Techniques [(Articles in Press)]
Keywords: Crop type mapping Evaluating the Efficiency of InSAR Coherence in Crop Type Mapping Using Machine Learning [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 133-160]
Keywords: Epithermal Alteration Mapping in the Motrabad Epithermal System, South of Razavi Khorasan Province: using ASTER remote sensing data [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Keywords: Field Spectroradiometry Estimating Chlorophyll a and Total Phosphorous in Anzali Wetland Using Three Band Model [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Keywords: Futures studies Futures Study on the Livability of Worn Texture in Urban Crises (Case Study: Imamzadeh Yahya Neighborhood, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 21-38]
Keywords: Iran Comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms with an emphasis on Extra Trees and SHAP interpretability in estimating land subsidence in the plains of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Keywords: Land Cover and Land Use Classification Land Use Classification Based on Conceptual Features [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Keywords: Landslide [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2010]
Keywords: Land suitability Due to the rapid population growth and urban development which results in limited arable land, land evaluation for selecting optimum utilization of land and increase in production per unit area as well as purposeful decisions in allocation of agricultural [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Keywords: : Land use change Trend Analysis of MODIS-NDVI Time Series and Its Relationship with Land Use Changes in Golestan Province [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Keywords: OPA Assessment of Areas Susceptible to Desertification with Emphasis on Erosion Models Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis A Case Study (Sistan Suture Zone and Afghan Blocks) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 59-78]
Keywords: Reflective Spectroscopy Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Content at Various Moisture Levels Using Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-110]
Keywords: Remote Sensing Comparison of four PLSR, RF, GRNN and SVR Algorithms to Estimate Sugarcane Sheath Moisture During Growing Season Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 47-68]
Keywords: Remote Sensing Improving land Cover Classification in Mountainous Areas by Combining Sentinel-1 Images From Different Orbits and Assessing Radiometric Terrain Flattening Effects [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 161-180]
Keywords: Secchi disk depth Application of MERIS Data for the Estimation of Clarity Depth in the Caspian Sea using Univariate and Multivariate Linear Regression Techniques [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Keywords: Shoreline changes Identifying River Shoreline Changes Using Satellite Images and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of the Qara Aghaj River [(Articles in Press)]
Keywords: smart city Utilizing digital twins as a novel approach to enhancing the management of smart cities [(Articles in Press)]
Keywords: Soil pollution [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2011]
Keywords: Zanjan province Flood risk Monitoring of June 1402 in Zanjan Province Using Sentinel-1 Images [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 79-92]
Khamir and Qeshm mangrove forests Land Use Changes Modeling and Predictions Using CA-ANN Hybrid Model in Khamir and Qeshm Mangrove Forests [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 95-114]
Kharestan region Classification of Landforms Using Topographic Location Index and Assessment of their Actual Soil Erosion Risk in Mountainous Areas (Case Study: Kharestan Watershed) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 17-36]
Khoramdarreh plain-SAR interferometry (InSAR)- Geospatial Information System (GIS) Khoramdarreh Subsidence Estimation Using SAR Interferometry and Investigation its Risks [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 33-52]
Khuzestan Evaluation of Different Parametric Situations on Satellite SEBAL, METRIC and TVT Methods on Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration in the Northern Ahwaz Study Region [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 89-106]
K-Means Algorithm [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
K-means clustering Application of a Hybrid Unsupervised Method Based on K-Means and Neural Networks for Satellite Image Classification and Image Quality Enhancement (Case Study: Sabzevar City, 2021) [(Articles in Press)]
K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) Modeling the Above-Ground Biomass Estimation in Zagros Oak Coppice Forests Using Radar Data of Sentinel-1 Satellite [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 35-52]
Knowledge based system [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Knowledge based system Object based interpretation of high spatial remote sensing images based on knowledge-based systems [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 27-54]
Knowledge-driven Evaluaion of Various Methods for Weighting Spatial Information in GIS (Case Study: Mineral Potential Mapping) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 73-88]
Kriging Spatial Analysis of Water Vapor Pressure in South and South West of Iran Using by Geostatistics [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 35-52]
Kriging Zoning of Soil Shear Strength Parameters (Case Study: Kermanshah) [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 31-40]
Kriging interpolation Modeling the Concentration Distribution of NO2 and O3 Pollutants with an Appropriate Spatial Resolution by Combining Ground and Satellite data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 85-104]
Kurdistan province Monitoring of temporal-spatial variations of snow cover using the MODIS image (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 77-104]
Kurdistan province Combination of EVI and SPI Indices for Mapping of Drought-Prone Areas (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 1-22]

L

Land Change Modeler (LCM) Assessment and prediction of land use changes in the Anzali wetland Basin, Based on Land Change Modeler (LCM) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 93-114]
Land Change Modeller (LCM) Comparative Study of Land Use Changes Using Markov Chain Model and Autonomous Cells (CA-Markov) in the Khiavchai Watershed of Meshginshahr, Iran [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Land consolidation Improving the Agricultural Land Reallocation Process Based on Game Theory [(Articles in Press)]
Land cover Evaluating and Improving the Functionality of Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Sub-pixel Land Cover Mapping Using Multispectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 1-16]
Land cover Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Downscaling Algorithms of MODIS Data to Sentinel- 2 Data in Different Land Cover Classes [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 100-83]
Land cover Monitoring Land Cover Changes in Northwestern Iran Using Training Samples Migration Method [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 129-154]
Land cover change Analysis of Relationship between Land use/cover and Urban Heat Island, Using ETM+ [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 39-58]
Land cover change [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Land Cover Classification Improving land Cover Classification in Mountainous Areas by Combining Sentinel-1 Images From Different Orbits and Assessing Radiometric Terrain Flattening Effects [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 161-180]
Land cover mapping [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Land cover Simulation Investigating and Modeling the Effect of the Composition and Arrangement of the Landscapes of Yazd City on the Land Surface Temperature Using Machine Learning and Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 1-26]
Land Evaluation Application of a Hybrid Linear Programming and Ant Colony Metaheuristic with Aid of GIS to Land Use Allocation [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 109-126]
Landform classification Classification of Landforms Using Topographic Location Index and Assessment of their Actual Soil Erosion Risk in Mountainous Areas (Case Study: Kharestan Watershed) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 17-36]
Land fragmentation Improving the Agricultural Land Reallocation Process Based on Game Theory [(Articles in Press)]
Land parcels Making Digitization of Land Parcels Precise by Preserving Area and Dimensions [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 33-44]
Land reallocation Improving the Agricultural Land Reallocation Process Based on Game Theory [(Articles in Press)]
Landsat Geometric interpretation of Faults and surface fractures of Siyah Makan oil field(Dezful embayment, SW Iran) by Thermal Remote Sensing Techniques [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 69-79]
Landsat Rain-Fed Wheat Area Mapping Using MODIS and Landsat Images (Case Study: Ahar City) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 19-34]
Landsat Monitoring Land Cover Changes in Northwestern Iran Using Training Samples Migration Method [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 129-154]
Landsat Estimating Corn Leaf Area Index Using Satellite Imagery on Google Earth Engine Platform and Validating Against WOFOST Model Outputs [(Articles in Press)]
Landsat 7 Medium Spatial Resolution Image Classification Based on Spatial and Thermal Indices [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 117-132]
Landsat- 8 Comparison of the Efficiency of Local Climatic Zone Algorithm in Separating Built-Up Area Compared to Built-Up Indices [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Landsat- 8 Comparative Analysis of Different Image Fusion Methods at the Pixel and Decision Levels on the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Landsat-8 Detection of Rice Fields in Rasht Township Using Multi-Temporal Landsat-8 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 15-30]
Landsat-8 Air Quality Assessment by Monitoring PM10 and PM2.5 Parameters Using Multispectral Satellite Images Seyed Mohammad Mozafari1, Ramin Saadi1* , Sima Neyrizi2 [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Landsat8 Calculating and Calibrating Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Thermal bands [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 49-64]
LANDSAT 8 Investigation of Atmospheric Correction Methods in Estimation of Forest Canopy Density of Guilan Province Using Vegetation Indices of Landsat 8 Data [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 93-110]
LANDSAT 8 A hybrid classification method based on fusion of parametric and non-parametric classification algorithms for Landuse/Landcover map in Hirkani Forests [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 83-100]
LANDSAT 8 Estimate and calibration Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Satellite Images And Split Window Algorithm Based On Mathematical Models-Case Study:Kurdestan Province [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 103-122]
LANDSAT 8 Optimal Band Selection of Landsat-8 Images for Estimation of CDOM of Lakes Using Support Vector Regression [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 75-92]
LANDSAT 8 Evaluation of Soil Calcium Carbonate Using of Satellite Images and NIR Spectroscopy [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 77-94]
Landsat satellite Determining the Most Suitable Method of Extracting the Surface Temperature Using [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 37-54]
Landsat satellite images Extraction of vegetation from Landsat satellite images using rationalized Haar wavelet algorithm [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 45-56]
Landscape ecology Investigation of Nazarabad County Ecological Security Based on the Trend of Land Use Changes Using Landscape Metrics [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 107-123]
Landscape metric Application of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Data in Investigating Land Cover Changes in the Bed of Anzali Wetland [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Landscape metrics Assessing ecological change and analyzing patterns governing the landscape Case study: Varzeghan county [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Landscape metrics Investigation of Nazarabad County Ecological Security Based on the Trend of Land Use Changes Using Landscape Metrics [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 107-123]
Landslide Landslide susceptibility modelling using random forest machine learning algorithm along Haraz road [(Articles in Press)]
Land sue Efficiency Comparison of Support Vector Machine and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms for Monitoring Land Use Changes [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 73-86]
Land surface characteristic indices Spatial downscaling of Landsat 8 thermal images for detecting spatiotemporal trends of heat islands in Tehran [(Articles in Press)]
Land Surface Temperature Calculating and Calibrating Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Thermal bands [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 49-64]
Land Surface Temperature Estimate and calibration Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Satellite Images And Split Window Algorithm Based On Mathematical Models-Case Study:Kurdestan Province [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 103-122]
Land Surface Temperature Presentation of a New Method for the Fusion of Spatial-Temporal Land Surface Temperature Products of ASTER and MODIS Sensors Based on a Two-Dimensional Stationary Wavelet Transform [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 93-114]
Land Surface Temperature Investigation of the Relationship between Land Surface Temperature with Vegetation and Surface Moisture in the Land Use of Zahak Area of Sistan Plain Using Landsat Satellite Images [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 21-42]
Land Surface Temperature Anlysis of Spatiotemporal Behavior of Mashhad Metropolis’s Urban Heat Island [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 35-50]
Land Surface Temperature Estimation of Maximum and Minimum Daily Air Temperature Using MODIS Surface Temperature Products [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 53-70]
Land use Micro-simulation Model to Estimate Accessibility to Urban Services: A GIS-based and Land Use and Transportation Integrated Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 45-62]
Land use Analyzing of the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation and its response to environmental factors in north of Fars province, Iran [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 61-82]
Land use Comparison of Accuracy Between Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Classifiers for Land Use and Crop Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 73-92]
Land use Investigation of the Relationship between Land Surface Temperature with Vegetation and Surface Moisture in the Land Use of Zahak Area of Sistan Plain Using Landsat Satellite Images [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 21-42]
Land use Comparison of the Efficiency of Local Climatic Zone Algorithm in Separating Built-Up Area Compared to Built-Up Indices [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Land use Application of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Data in Investigating Land Cover Changes in the Bed of Anzali Wetland [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Land use Estimating the Runoff Coefficient by Combining Arc CN-Runoff, SCS-CN and ICAR Empirical Relationship (Case Study: Selseleh Study Area - Lorestan Province) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 57-76]
Land use Evaluation of Soil Calcium Carbonate Using of Satellite Images and NIR Spectroscopy [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 77-94]
Land use Investigating Land Use Changes in Herat City Using Satellite Images during 2015 and 2022 [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 21-39]
Land use Land Use Changes Modeling and Predictions Using CA-ANN Hybrid Model in Khamir and Qeshm Mangrove Forests [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 95-114]
Landuse Modelling Ecological Capability, Using Fuzzy Logic (Case study area: Borkhar and Meymeh townships) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-38]
Landuse A hybrid classification method based on fusion of parametric and non-parametric classification algorithms for Landuse/Landcover map in Hirkani Forests [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 83-100]
Landuse Determining the Land Suitability for Dryland Wheat Cultivation Using GIS Based VIKOR Decision Model: A Case Study of Fars Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 15-34]
Land-Use [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Land use and cover changes (LULC) Identifying and Monitoring Urban Growth and Expansion Changes Using Spectral Unmixing of Remote Sensing Imagery and Geographic Information Systems Techniques at the Micro Level, (A Case Study of Amol City) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 147-164]
Land use change Studying the Consequences of Urban Sprawl in Rural Peripheral Settlements (Case study: Southern villages of Tehran metropolis) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 1-20]
Land use change Comparative Study of Land Use Changes Using Markov Chain Model and Autonomous Cells (CA-Markov) in the Khiavchai Watershed of Meshginshahr, Iran [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Land-use change Hydro-Ecological Effects of Land-Use Change and Climate Variability: Insights from the Kashafrud River Basin, Northeastern Iran (1973–2023) [(Articles in Press)]
Land use changes Evaluation and Analysis of Land Use Change Trends in Protected Areas (Case Study: Lar National Park) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 75-92]
Land use changes Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
Land use/cover Land Use/Cover Change Modeling with Emphasis on Built-up Land Growth With the Help of CA-Markov Model Integration and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Based on GIS. (Case Study: Aras River Watershed) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 137-158]
Land use/cover Comparative Analysis of Different Image Fusion Methods at the Pixel and Decision Levels on the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Land use/cover Assessment and forecasting of surface water changes in the Hamoun Lakes using Landsat imagery and CA-Markov model [(Articles in Press)]
Landuse planning Modelling Ecological Capability, Using Fuzzy Logic (Case study area: Borkhar and Meymeh townships) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-38]
Land Use Planning Application of a Hybrid Linear Programming and Ant Colony Metaheuristic with Aid of GIS to Land Use Allocation [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 109-126]
Land-use Regression Study of Hourly Variability of Association between Land Use Parameters and CO-Pollutant Using LUR Model in Tehran [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Large-scale satellite images Evaluation of the Deep Learning-Based Sat-MVSF Algorithm in DSM Extraction from High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Lark Island Risk Assessment of the Coastal Habitats of Larak Islands Using the InVEST Model [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 23-32]
Lar national park Evaluation and Analysis of Land Use Change Trends in Protected Areas (Case Study: Lar National Park) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 75-92]
Leaf Area Index Analyzing and Modeling of Correlation between LAI and Vegetation Indices using Spectroradiometric Observations [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 69-88]
Leaf Area Index Comparative analysis of LAI retrieval from hyperspectral imagery using machine learning approaches [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 47-64]
Leaf Area Index Combining Multiple Solution and Cost Function for Better LAI Estimation [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 61-74]
Leaf Area Index Mapping Sugarcane Leaf Area Index by Inverting PRISMA Hyperspectral Images [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 85-108]
Leaf Area Index Analysis of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Images to Estimate Leaf Area Index of Corn Crops [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 1-15]
Leaf Area Index (LAI) Estimating Corn Leaf Area Index Using Satellite Imagery on Google Earth Engine Platform and Validating Against WOFOST Model Outputs [(Articles in Press)]
Leaf chlorophyll content Sensitivity Analysis of the Spectral Response of the Plant Leaf to the Biophysical-Biochemical Variables Using the PROSPECT Radiative Transfer Model [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 17-33]
Level of details Design and Development of Variable-Scale Maps for Car Navigation Systems [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 97-110]
LiDAR Building Extraction from Fused Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data using Machine Learning Technique [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 1-14]
LiDAR Point cloud SVM-CRF Method and Box Plot Technique for Outlier Detection of Lidar Point Cloud [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 91-109]
LiDAR Point Clouds Classification of LiDAR Points Cloud Using Markov Random Field and Machine Learning Techniques [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 41-60]
Linear combination Improving the Nonparametric Weighted Feature Extraction Method by Using Training Sample's Linear Combination in Hyperspectral Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 17-30]
Linear dual graph Linear Dual Graph Calculus and its Applications in GIS [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-16]
Linear feature detection Automatic Gap Filling in Road Extraction Using Radon Transformation and Spline Interpolation [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 19-34]
Linear Programming Application of a Hybrid Linear Programming and Ant Colony Metaheuristic with Aid of GIS to Land Use Allocation [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 109-126]
Linear Pushbroom Imagery A Novel Approach for Epipolar Resampling of Linear Pushbroom Images Based on Orbital Parameters Model [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 19-36]
Linear Regression Estimating soil salinity in the dried lake bed of Urmia Lake using optical Sentinel-2B images and multivariate linear regression models [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 101-120]
Linear Regression Application of GIS in Predicting Rail Network Capacity through Linear Regression [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 93-118]
Linear regression method Determining the Most Appropriate Electromagnetic Spectrum for Predicting Nutrients in a Number of Rangeland Species Using Remote Sensing [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 31-46]
Linear spectral immixing Analysis of Relationship between Land use/cover and Urban Heat Island, Using ETM+ [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 39-58]
Line control feature Geometric Assessment of Non-physical Models for Geometric Correction of High Resolution Pushbroom Satellite Image Based on Point and Line Control Feature [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 17-40]
Local Feature A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 61-84]
Location-based social networks Evaluation and Comparison of Public Satisfaction in Iranian Provinces Using User Generated Geo-Content (UGGC) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 65-86]
Logistic Regression Modle Prediction of the Possibility of Prehistoric Archaeological Sites from Calcolithic to Iron Age using Logistic Regression Model in GIS, Case study: Harsin_Bisotun Plain [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 43-58]
Long Short-Term Memory Finding Optimal Contextual Parameters for Real-Time Vessel Position Prediction Using Deep Learning [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 89-100]
Look up table Combining Multiple Solution and Cost Function for Better LAI Estimation [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 61-74]
Lordegan aquifer A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
Lorenz curve The Access to the City's Rail Transport Network Using the Gini Index and Curve Lorenz in Horizon 2031 [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 117-132]
Lorenz‌ Curve A Combined Approach Utilizing Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Equity Indicators to Prioritize the Development of Bus Rapid Transit Lines until 1410 (Case Study of Isfahan, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 129-150]
Lorestan pro Identifying Fire-Prone Areas in the Vegetation of Lorestan Province Using Infrared Images [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 151-170]
LST Analysis of Relationship between Land use/cover and Urban Heat Island, Using ETM+ [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 39-58]
LST Effect of climatic zoning and altitude zoning on the correlation of remote sensing drought indices with Precipitation data and Introducing local indicators [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 47-62]
LST Geometric interpretation of Faults and surface fractures of Siyah Makan oil field(Dezful embayment, SW Iran) by Thermal Remote Sensing Techniques [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 69-79]
LST Spatial downscaling of AIRS-derived column water vapor using ratio model to improve LST retrieval [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 37-46]
LST Mapping Phenological Stages of Two Rangeland Species Using MODIS Growing Degree Days in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 83-102]
LSTM Employing the Convolutional LSTM Network in Crop Classification using NDVI Time Series [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 89-106]
LUE Modeling of semi-steppe rangelands degradation in Isfahan Province using MODIS images [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 1-20]
LUR Determination of Spatial Variation of CO and PM10 Air Pollutants, Using GIS Techniques(Case study : Teheran, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 57-72]
Lysimeter Comparing the Results of Actual Evapotranspiration from SEBAL and METRIC Models Using MODIS and ETM+ Sensor Images [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 63-74]

M

M5 tree model Evaluation of Soil Organic Carbon Storage in Different Land Uses Using Partial Least Squares, Geostatistics, M5 Tree Model and Landsat 8 Statistical Methods [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 1-18]
Machine Learning Classification of LiDAR Points Cloud Using Markov Random Field and Machine Learning Techniques [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 41-60]
Machine Learning Building Extraction from Fused Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data using Machine Learning Technique [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 1-14]
Machine Learning Target detection from high-resolution remote sensing images using deep learning methods [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 48-64]
Machine Learning Man-Made Object Detection in Aerial Images Using Color Statistical Features and Machine Learning [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 21-42]
Machine Learning Determination of Groundwater Spring Potential Using Maximum Entropy, GIS and RS Emphasizing HAND Topographic-Hydrologic New Index (Case Study: Urmia Lake Basin) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 119-138]
Machine Learning Improving the Accuracy of Ground Surface Ozone Concentration Estimation Using Satellite Products and Machine Learning [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 17-30]
Machine Learning Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
Machine Learning Crop Mapping Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and 2 Images in Ardabil Province [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 25-46]
Machine Learning Developing a Spatiotemporal Habitat Suitability Model to Assess Biodiversity Changes in Response to Climate Change [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 115-137]
Machine Learning Evaluating the Efficiency of U-Net and XGBoost Models in Extracting Building Footprint Information [(Articles in Press)]
Machine Learning Crop mapping using machine learning algorithms and dual-polarized indices derived from multi-temporal Sentinel-1 data [(Articles in Press)]
Machine Learning Flood Susceptibility Prediction Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach and Integration of Remote Sensing Data in Google Earth Engine [(Articles in Press)]
Machine Learning Assessing Satellite-Derived Soil Moisture Data Using Field Observations at Doroodzan Irrigation and Drainage District [(Articles in Press)]
Machine Learning Algorithms The Capability of Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI Data for Discrimination of Lithological Units and Alteration Minerals of Esfordi Phosphate Deposit Area, Central Iran [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 1-18]
Machine Learning Algorithms Urban Tree Canopy Mapping Using Object Oriented Classification and Machine Learning Algorithms [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 17-32]
Machine learning method Identifying and Monitoring of Wind Erosion Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing Data and Random Forest Algorithm in Northern Baluchestan Region [(Articles in Press)]
Machine Learning (ML) Forecasting Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Risk Through Integrated Simulated Remote-Sensing Data and Epidemiological Records [(Articles in Press)]
Machine Learning Model A New Forecasting Approach Using the Combination of Machine Learning to Predict Flood Susceptibility (Case Study: Karun Catchment) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Magnetometric Mineralization potential and integration of airborne magnetometric geophysical data data and EO-1, ASTER ester and Landsat-7 ETM + hyperspectral satellite data (Sheet 1: 100,000 Meshkinshahr) [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 113-142]
Magnetometric Integration of ASTER Remote Sensing and Magnetometer Data to Identify Iron Sources (Case Study Northeast Neyriz-Fars Province) [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 93-116]
Majority Vote Classification A hybrid classification method based on fusion of parametric and non-parametric classification algorithms for Landuse/Landcover map in Hirkani Forests [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 83-100]
Malekshahi town [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Mangrove forests of Iran.&lrm Ecological footprint and biosustainability assessment ‎in mangrove forests of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Man-Kendall Trend Analysis of MODIS-NDVI Time Series and Its Relationship with Land Use Changes in Golestan Province [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Man-Kendall tests Snow Cover Variability in the Cold Period of the Year in Iran Based on MODIS Measurements [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 59-72]
Map of geology units Applying the SAM Supervised Classification Algorithm to Prepare a Map of Rock Units Using Satellite Images [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Marcove model Ecological footprint and biosustainability assessment ‎in mangrove forests of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Marker-based hierarchical algorithm Building Detection with Special Roofing in Hyperspectral Images Using Marker-Based Hierarchical Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 91-104]
Markov Random Field Classification of LiDAR Points Cloud Using Markov Random Field and Machine Learning Techniques [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 41-60]
Markov Random Field Segmentation of Polarimetric Interferometric Radar Images using Shannon Entropies and Markov Random Field Algorithm [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 121-144]
Markov random ﬁeld (MRF) Improvement of Markov Random Field Technique for Unsupervised Change Detection from Multichannel SAR Images [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 21-40]
Maroon Assessment of SVM and MLC Algorithms on Landuse/ Landcover Mapping of Riparian Forest, Using OLI Sensor (Case Study: Riparian Forest of Maroon, Behbahan) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 49-62]
Mashhad Extracting Vegetation and the Urban Structure of Mashhad Using Newton Interpolation Polynomial and its Relationship with Land Surface Temperature (LST) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 95-108]
Mashhad Evaluation and Analysis of the Evolution and Completeness of Building Data in Volunteered Geographic Information (Case Study: OpenStreetMap Building Information in Mashhad City) [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Mashhad metropolis Anlysis of Spatiotemporal Behavior of Mashhad Metropolis’s Urban Heat Island [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 35-50]
Mashhad metropolis Presenting a Strategic Model of Intelligent Monitoring of Construction Violations in Urban Management (Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Area and Privacy) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Mashup [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Massive Sulfide Alteration Mapping in Barika Gold-Rich Massive Sulfide Deposit (East of Sardasht), Using ASTER and ETM Satellite Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 1-16]
Matching A New Method in Image Matching Based on Spatial Relationships in Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Images [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 72-94]
Mathematical Models Ant Colony Optimization of RFM for Geometric Correction [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 1-18]
MaxEnt Modeling the Spatial Distribution of the Vectors of Dengue Fever in Iranusing the Maximum Entropy Model and Genetic Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 69-90]
Maximum Entropy Determination of Groundwater Spring Potential Using Maximum Entropy, GIS and RS Emphasizing HAND Topographic-Hydrologic New Index (Case Study: Urmia Lake Basin) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 119-138]
Maximum entropy model and Kermanshah Prediction of Gully Erosion Using RADAR Sensor of Alos and Maximum Entropy Model in Alvand Basin [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 95-110]
Maximum likelihood Efficiency Comparison of Support Vector Machine and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms for Monitoring Land Use Changes [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 73-86]
Maximum likelihood Assessment of SVM and MLC Algorithms on Landuse/ Landcover Mapping of Riparian Forest, Using OLI Sensor (Case Study: Riparian Forest of Maroon, Behbahan) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 49-62]
Maximum likelihood Investigating Land Use Changes in Herat City Using Satellite Images during 2015 and 2022 [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 21-39]
Maximum likelihood Performance Analysis of Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms in Land Use Classification of the Metropolitan Area of Mashhad [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 111-132]
Maximum likelihood classifier [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Maximum liklihood Evaluation of IRS-P6 Images for Orchards Area Estimating [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 113-126]
Mazandaran Effect of Digital Elevation Models Spatial Resolutions on Nash and Rosso Instantaneous unit Hydrograph Performance (case study: Kasilian Watershed) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 55-74]
Mazandaran province Land Use Change Detection Based on Satellite Images in the Haraz Watershed Plain [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 113-128]
MCDA Spatial Analysis and Prioritization of Environmental Pressures in the Anzali Wetland Watershed: A New Approach in Ecosystem-Based Management [(Articles in Press)]
MCDM Assessing the Location of Distribution Warehouses Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods: An ANP-OWA Approach [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 22-36]
MCDM Assessment of Areas Susceptible to Desertification with Emphasis on Erosion Models Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis A Case Study (Sistan Suture Zone and Afghan Blocks) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 59-78]
Mean absolute error Polarimetric Feature Comparison of Full and Dual Polarimetric SAR [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 87-100]
Mean absolute error Determining the Most Suitable Method of Extracting the Surface Temperature Using [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 37-54]
Measurement The Evaluation of GPM Precipitation Remote Sensing Data with Observed Data (Case Study: Mid-West of Iran) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 115-124]
Medium spatial resolution satellite images Analysis of Methods, Challenges, and Perspectives in Rural Road Networks Detection with a Focus on Remote Sensing Images [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 139-176]
Membership Function [Volume 2, Issue 4, 2010]
MERIS Application of MERIS Data for the Estimation of Clarity Depth in the Caspian Sea using Univariate and Multivariate Linear Regression Techniques [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
MERRA-2 A Convolutional Neural Network Model for Predicting the Transport Pathway of Dust Storms [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 129-139]
Meteorological station Estimation of Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing Data (Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 37-50]
Methane Pollutant Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Methane Pollutant Distribution in Metropolitan Areas Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (Case Study: Isfahan Metropolis) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 177-200]
Metric Comparison of Remote Sensing Methods for Estimating Actual Daily Evapotranspiration Using Landsat 8 Multispectral Images [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 19-42]
Metropolis Investigating Air Pollution during the Corona Era and before that in the Metropolises of Tehran, Isfahan and Qom [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 101-116]
Micro-simulation model Micro-simulation Model to Estimate Accessibility to Urban Services: A GIS-based and Land Use and Transportation Integrated Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 45-62]
Middle East of Iran The Evaluation of GPM Precipitation Remote Sensing Data with Observed Data (Case Study: Mid-West of Iran) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 115-124]
Middle Zagros Ecological Drought Monitoring of Middle Zagros Based on Landsat 7 Satellite Data and Climate Data (Case Study: Lorestan Province) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 125-142]
MIKE2 Identifying River Shoreline Changes Using Satellite Images and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of the Qara Aghaj River [(Articles in Press)]
Mineralogy Comparison of the results of satellite image processing for extraction of alterations with mineralogy and field studies in Sarkuh Porphyry Copper Deposit [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 1-26]
Mineral potential Evaluaion of Various Methods for Weighting Spatial Information in GIS (Case Study: Mineral Potential Mapping) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 73-88]
Mineral Potential Mapping [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Mineral Spectral Mapping Alteration Mapping in Barika Gold-Rich Massive Sulfide Deposit (East of Sardasht), Using ASTER and ETM Satellite Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 1-16]
MLP An Analysis on Land Use Process Changes and Forecasting in Urmia City Using SVM Model and Neural Networks [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 53-72]
MNF Applying the SAM Supervised Classification Algorithm to Prepare a Map of Rock Units Using Satellite Images [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Mobile GIS Standardization and Upgrading the Collection and Updating Process of Urban Property Survey Data Using a Context- Aware Mobile GIS and Based on ISO Spatial Standards [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 65-92]
Mobile Phone Data Identifying Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Urban Activities Using Mobile Phone Data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 65-84]
MOD13Q1 Trend Analysis of MODIS-NDVI Time Series and Its Relationship with Land Use Changes in Golestan Province [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Model Risk Assessment of the Coastal Habitats of Larak Islands Using the InVEST Model [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 23-32]
Model-based PolInSAR decomposition A Novel Method for Forest Height Estimation Using PolInSAR Data [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 57-72]
Modeling Modeling and Mapping of Interpolation Errors, by Using the Characteristics of Triangles [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 89-100]
Modeling Urban Land Use Compatibility Evaluation Model: A GIS based and Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 77-96]
MODIS Snow covered surfaces show enormous variations in time and consequently need to be monitored using images with relatively high temporal resolution. For this MODIS sensor on board of Terra/Aqua is suitable. Different parameters affect the accuracy of Snow [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
MODIS The Effect of Atmospheric Moisture on the Estimation of the Temperature Inversion Characteristics from MODIS Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 35-53]
MODIS Evaluation of Different Parametric Situations on Satellite SEBAL, METRIC and TVT Methods on Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration in the Northern Ahwaz Study Region [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 89-106]
MODIS Determine Potential Fishing Zones in the Persian Gulf Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 37-48]
MODIS Fusion of MODIS and OLI Images for Estimating Daily Surface Reflectance at 30m Spatial Resolution in Complex Heterogeneous Regions [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 71-90]
MODIS Monitoring of temporal-spatial variations of snow cover using the MODIS image (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 77-104]
MODIS Analyzing Temporal and Spatial Variations of Surface Albedo over Sistan Plain in Eastern Iran using Satellite Remote Sensing Product of MODIS Sensor of Terra Satellite [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 69-84]
MODIS Application of Snowmelt Runoff Model Using MODIS Data (a case study: Tekab Watershed) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 79-92]
MODIS Dust Detection Using MODIS Satellite Images Using An Artificial Neural Network [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 37-54]
MODIS Rain-Fed Wheat Area Mapping Using MODIS and Landsat Images (Case Study: Ahar City) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 19-34]
MODIS Analysis of Barriers to Blue Band Albedo Satellite Observations in Iran [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 23-38]
MODIS Anlysis of Spatiotemporal Behavior of Mashhad Metropolis’s Urban Heat Island [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 35-50]
MODIS Detection of Rice Fields in Rasht Township Using Multi-Temporal Landsat-8 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 15-30]
MODIS Assessment of Correlation between PM10 Data Measured at Ground Station of Sanandaj and AOD Data of MODIS Sensor [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 51-60]
MODIS Oil Spill Detection Using MODIS and Sentinel-1 Images; A Case Study of Northern Persian Gulf [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 89-104]
MODIS Mapping Phenological Stages of Two Rangeland Species Using MODIS Growing Degree Days in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 83-102]
MODIS Monitoring the Changes of Vegetation Phenological Cycles in Ahvaz city Using Remote Sensing Images [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 1-24]
MODIS Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
MODIS Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Downscaling Algorithms of MODIS Data to Sentinel- 2 Data in Different Land Cover Classes [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 100-83]
MODIS Integration of Multi-Sensor Data and Ground Observations in Order to Improve Accuracy and Spatial Resolution in Near-Surface Water Vapor Retrieval [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 61-78]
MODIS Analysis of the Time Series of Land Surface Albedo in Iran Using MODIS [(Articles in Press)]
MODIS and Landsat Estimating Yield of Canola Based on Time Series of Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 59-72]
MODIS Images Application of Neural Networks for Land Surface Temperature Forecasting Using MODIS Images [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 53-72]
MODIS images and CALIPSO data Dust Storms Chemical Elements Estimation and Density Identification Using MODIS Images and CALIPSO Data [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 1-16]
MODIS, Landsat-8 MODIS image downscaling using STARFM and SADFAT algorithms for daily Landsat-like spatial resolution evapotranspiration mapping [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 123-140]
Modis Satellite Monitoring and analysis of dust storm trajectories in Sistan and Baluchestan Province using MODIS satellite products and the HYSPLIT model [(Articles in Press)]
MODIS Sensor Comparing the Results of Actual Evapotranspiration from SEBAL and METRIC Models Using MODIS and ETM+ Sensor Images [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 63-74]
MODIS Sensor Combination of EVI and SPI Indices for Mapping of Drought-Prone Areas (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 1-22]
MODIS Sensor Snow Cover Variability in the Cold Period of the Year in Iran Based on MODIS Measurements [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 59-72]
MODIS Sensor Statistical analysis of snow depth and land surface temperature patterns based on remote sensing data in Mazandaran highlands [(Articles in Press)]
MODIS sensor thermal product Presentation of a New Method for the Fusion of Spatial-Temporal Land Surface Temperature Products of ASTER and MODIS Sensors Based on a Two-Dimensional Stationary Wavelet Transform [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 93-114]
Modular Neural Networks Application of Neural Networks for Land Surface Temperature Forecasting Using MODIS Images [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 53-72]
Moghan Cultivation Industry Estimation of Crop Coefficients in the Moghan Cultivation Industry and the Study of Relationship between Evapotranspiration and Yield Performance [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 11-28]
Moisture The Effect of Atmospheric Moisture on the Estimation of the Temperature Inversion Characteristics from MODIS Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 35-53]
Moisture spectral index Comparison of four PLSR, RF, GRNN and SVR Algorithms to Estimate Sugarcane Sheath Moisture During Growing Season Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 47-68]
Moran's index Identifying and Monitoring Urban Growth and Expansion Changes Using Spectral Unmixing of Remote Sensing Imagery and Geographic Information Systems Techniques at the Micro Level, (A Case Study of Amol City) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 147-164]
Moran’s I test Spatial Analysis of GOVID-19 Outbreak Using Spatial Regression [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 67-80]
Mother wavelet Impact Assessment Of Mother Wavelet And Number Of Wavelet Decomposition To Estimate Of Change Map By Wavelet Algorithm [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 17-34]
MPSIAC Method Determining the Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Model and GIS System in Khorkhoreh Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 87-102]
MTMF Investigation of Alteration Deposit Zones of Porphyry Copper Ore Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery (Aster, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2) and Ground Controls (Case study: MasjedDaghi copper deposit - NW Iran) [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 47-74]
Multi criteria decision making A Decision Support System for Water Allocation in Water Scarce Basins [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 19-32]
Multi-criteria Decision Making The Comparison of Resilience and Resistance Approaches in Flood Risk Management (Case Study of Qezel Ozan River in Mahneshan Basin) [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 41-56]
Multi-criteria Decision Making Investigating Urban Vulnerability against Earthquakes Using GIS and BWM Model (Case Study: A Part of the Tabriz Metropolis)(Case study: a part of the Tabriz city) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 37-54]
Multicriteria Decision Making Determining the Land Suitability for Dryland Wheat Cultivation Using GIS Based VIKOR Decision Model: A Case Study of Fars Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 15-34]
Multi-objective optimization Paths A Smart Location Model, Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms to Find Optimal Routes in the Road Network [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 111-126]
Multiple regression Estimation of Forest Stand Volume Using ICESat/GLAS Data in Mountainous Forests in the North of Iran [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 85-98]
Multiple regression Investigating the effects of urban landfilling based on satellite data on the water quality of Haraz Dam [(Articles in Press)]
Multipurpose Spaces Futures Study on the Livability of Worn Texture in Urban Crises (Case Study: Imamzadeh Yahya Neighborhood, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 21-38]
Multiresolution segmentation Comparison of Visual and Object-Based Automatic Methods to Identify Landforms in Yazd-Ardakan Basin [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 73-90]
Multi-Sensor Remote-Sensing Image A New Method in Image Matching Based on Spatial Relationships in Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing Images [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 72-94]
Multi-temporal imagery Mapping Vegetation in Riparian Areas Using Pixel-Based and Object-Based Classification of Sentinel-2 Multi-Temporal Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 19-32]
Multi-temporal satellite images Unsupervised Change Detection of Multi-temporal Satellite Images using PSO-based Image Thresholding Technique [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Multi-temporal Sentinel-2 Images Comparison of Accuracy Between Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Classifiers for Land Use and Crop Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 73-92]
Multi-temporal Sentinel-2 Images Fusion of spectral and spatial information for agricultural crop classification in multi-temporal Sentinel images (Case Study: Qorveh County) [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 39-61]
Multivariate linear regression Improving the Accuracy of Ground Surface Ozone Concentration Estimation Using Satellite Products and Machine Learning [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 17-30]
Multivariate Regression Estimating the Capacity of Water Available to Soil via Using Satellite Images and Earth Control Data in Mountainous Regions [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 88-101]
Municipal property survey Standardization and Upgrading the Collection and Updating Process of Urban Property Survey Data Using a Context- Aware Mobile GIS and Based on ISO Spatial Standards [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 65-92]

N

Narrow band index Evaluating Capability of Reflectance Spectrometry for Estimating the Wheat Chlorophyll and Nitrogen [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 119-134]
Narrow band vegetation indexes Evaluation of Vegetation Indices to Recognizing Wheat Leaf and Yellow Rust at Canopy Scale [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 111-128]
Narrow-band vegetation indices Analysis of Dust Storm Effects on Reflectance Spectra of Wheat Canopy [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 13-26]
Navigation Developing an Agent-Based Model for Intelligent Control of Traffic Lights and Dynamic Routing [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 1-20]
NDSI Snow covered surfaces show enormous variations in time and consequently need to be monitored using images with relatively high temporal resolution. For this MODIS sensor on board of Terra/Aqua is suitable. Different parameters affect the accuracy of Snow [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
NDVI Dust storms monitoring and predicting, using remote sensing, geographic information systems and observational data based on NDVI and climate elements A Case Study :( South and South East of Iran) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 27-44]
NDVI Effect of climatic zoning and altitude zoning on the correlation of remote sensing drought indices with Precipitation data and Introducing local indicators [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 47-62]
NDVI Analysis of Performance of vegetation indices on agricultural drought using remote sensing technique in Karkheh basin [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 29-46]
NDVI Analyzing of the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation and its response to environmental factors in north of Fars province, Iran [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 61-82]
NDVI Estimate and calibration Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Satellite Images And Split Window Algorithm Based On Mathematical Models-Case Study:Kurdestan Province [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 103-122]
NDVI Effects of Climate Change on Vegetation Phenology of Urmia Lake Basin Using AVHRR Time Series Data [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 1-14]
NDVI Investigation of the Relationship between Land Surface Temperature with Vegetation and Surface Moisture in the Land Use of Zahak Area of Sistan Plain Using Landsat Satellite Images [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 21-42]
NDVI Classification of Landforms Using Topographic Location Index and Assessment of their Actual Soil Erosion Risk in Mountainous Areas (Case Study: Kharestan Watershed) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 17-36]
NDVI Estimating Corn Leaf Area Index Using Satellite Imagery on Google Earth Engine Platform and Validating Against WOFOST Model Outputs [(Articles in Press)]
NDVI time-series Development and application of crop and field condition indices using time-series satellite images of Sentinel-2 [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 105-122]
NDVI time-series Employing the Convolutional LSTM Network in Crop Classification using NDVI Time Series [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 89-106]
Network Capacity Managing the capacity of the railway network based on effective spatial and operational parameters using a service-oriented approach [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 97-112]
Network Capacity Application of GIS in Predicting Rail Network Capacity through Linear Regression [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 93-118]
Neural Network Target detection from high-resolution remote sensing images using deep learning methods [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 48-64]
Neural Network An Analysis on Land Use Process Changes and Forecasting in Urmia City Using SVM Model and Neural Networks [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 53-72]
Neural Network Integration of high spatial resolution SAR and multispectral images for building detection in urban areas [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 1-16]
Neural Network An Improved Approach for Spectral-spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images using Weighted Genetic and Neural Network Algorithms [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 1-17]
Neural network method Investigating the Relationship between Drought and Water Quality Reduction Using Remote Sensing and Neural Network Methods [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 75-90]
Neural Networks Change Detection of Urban Areas based on Neural Networks, Spatial Features and Genetic Algorithm using High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 55-68]
Neural Networks Investigating Air Pollution during the Corona Era and before that in the Metropolises of Tehran, Isfahan and Qom [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 101-116]
Newton Interpolation Polynomial Extracting Vegetation and the Urban Structure of Mashhad Using Newton Interpolation Polynomial and its Relationship with Land Surface Temperature (LST) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 95-108]
Night light satellite images The Advances, Challenges and Perspectives in the Correction Field of Free Night Light Satellite Image [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 15-48]
Night temperature Investigating the Trend of Night Temperature Changes in Iran and the Effect of Carbon Dioxide [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 105-122]
Nitrate concentration Determine the Vulnerability of the Aquifer Using the Standard Drastic and Data-Based Methods (Case Study: Kochisfahan Aquifer) [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 99-116]
Nitrogen Evaluating Capability of Reflectance Spectrometry for Estimating the Wheat Chlorophyll and Nitrogen [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 119-134]
NO2 pollutant Modeling the Concentration Distribution of NO2 and O3 Pollutants with an Appropriate Spatial Resolution by Combining Ground and Satellite data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 85-104]
Non-Parametric Method The Effect of Different Cluster Sampling Schemes in Estimating the Quantitative Characteristics of Zagros Forests Using Sentinel 2 Sensor Images [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 71-86]
Non-parametric Weighted Feature Extraction Improving the Nonparametric Weighted Feature Extraction Method by Using Training Sample's Linear Combination in Hyperspectral Images [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 17-30]
Non-Reference Station Calculating and Calibrating Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Thermal bands [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 49-64]
Normalized Difference Flood Index (NDFI) Flood Susceptibility Prediction Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach and Integration of Remote Sensing Data in Google Earth Engine [(Articles in Press)]
Normalized Index of Vegetation Estimating the Capacity of Water Available to Soil via Using Satellite Images and Earth Control Data in Mountainous Regions [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 88-101]
Normalized maps A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
Normal Ratio Evaluation of Classical Statistical Methods for Estimating and Reconstructing the Daily Temperature in Iran [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 103-112]
Northern Baluchestan region Identifying and Monitoring of Wind Erosion Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing Data and Random Forest Algorithm in Northern Baluchestan Region [(Articles in Press)]
NP-Hard Problem Application of a Hybrid Linear Programming and Ant Colony Metaheuristic with Aid of GIS to Land Use Allocation [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 109-126]
NPP Modeling of semi-steppe rangelands degradation in Isfahan Province using MODIS images [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 1-20]
NSGA-II Algorithm A Smart Location Model, Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms to Find Optimal Routes in the Road Network [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 111-126]
Number of decomposition Impact Assessment Of Mother Wavelet And Number Of Wavelet Decomposition To Estimate Of Change Map By Wavelet Algorithm [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 17-34]

O

O3 pollutant Modeling the Concentration Distribution of NO2 and O3 Pollutants with an Appropriate Spatial Resolution by Combining Ground and Satellite data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 85-104]
Oak dieback Evaluation of Persian Oak Forests Dieback Using Spot 6 (Case Study- Kohmareh District in Fars province) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Object Based Land Use Classification Based on Conceptual Features [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Object-Based Design and Implementation of an Object-Based AdaBoost Algorithm Based on Active Learning for Land-Cover Classification in High-Resolution Images [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 19-36]
Object-based classification Detection of Rice Fields in Rasht Township Using Multi-Temporal Landsat-8 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 15-30]
Object based classification method A Change Detection at an Agricultural Areas Using Georeferenced Multi-Temporal Image Based on Object Based Method and Color Fusion [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 1-14]
Object based interpretation Object based interpretation of high spatial remote sensing images based on knowledge-based systems [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 27-54]
Object-oriented Classification [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Object-oriented Classification Object-Oriented Classification of Urban Areas Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 105-121]
Object-oriented Classification Land Use and Land Cover Classification by Combining GLCM, SNIC, and Machine Learning Algorithms in Google Earth Engine Environment (Case Study: Part of the Lands of North Mahabad, West Azerbaijan) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 41-60]
Object oriented method Urban Tree Canopy Mapping Using Object Oriented Classification and Machine Learning Algorithms [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 17-32]
Oil Estimate and calibration Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Satellite Images And Split Window Algorithm Based On Mathematical Models-Case Study:Kurdestan Province [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 103-122]
Oil field Geometric interpretation of Faults and surface fractures of Siyah Makan oil field(Dezful embayment, SW Iran) by Thermal Remote Sensing Techniques [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 69-79]
Oil spill Oil Spill Detection Using MODIS and Sentinel-1 Images; A Case Study of Northern Persian Gulf [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 89-104]
Oke’ s model Evaluating the Effect of Roughness Length Index on Modelling the Maximum Intensity of Urban Heat Islands Using Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information Systems (Case study: District 22, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-100]
Olad Ghobad Forest The Effect of Different Cluster Sampling Schemes in Estimating the Quantitative Characteristics of Zagros Forests Using Sentinel 2 Sensor Images [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 71-86]
OLI Comparing Landsat Water Indices for Automated Narrow-Shallow Rivers (Case Study: A Section of Karoon River) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 99-116]
OLI Assessment of SVM and MLC Algorithms on Landuse/ Landcover Mapping of Riparian Forest, Using OLI Sensor (Case Study: Riparian Forest of Maroon, Behbahan) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 49-62]
OLI Fusion of MODIS and OLI Images for Estimating Daily Surface Reflectance at 30m Spatial Resolution in Complex Heterogeneous Regions [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 71-90]
OLI Evaluation of the Efficiency of Spectral Data and Indices Derived from OLI and TIRS Sensors in Estimating Soil Salinity in Arid Regions of Southern Ilam Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 51-66]
OLI Monitoring the Changes of Vegetation Phenological Cycles in Ahvaz city Using Remote Sensing Images [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 1-24]
OLS regression model Land Use Changes Modeling and Predictions Using CA-ANN Hybrid Model in Khamir and Qeshm Mangrove Forests [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 95-114]
OpenStreetMap Evaluation and Analysis of the Evolution and Completeness of Building Data in Volunteered Geographic Information (Case Study: OpenStreetMap Building Information in Mashhad City) [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Optic [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Optical and radar image fusion Crop Mapping Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and 2 Images in Ardabil Province [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 25-46]
Optical Data Mapping and Monitoring of Soil Salinization in the Central Part of Khuzestan Province Using Remote Sensing Feature Space Based Models [(Articles in Press)]
Optimal Location Optimal Location Determination for 63.20 kV Substation Construction Using Network Analysis Process and Fuzzy Logic in GIS [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 123-146]
Optimal management Comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms with an emphasis on Extra Trees and SHAP interpretability in estimating land subsidence in the plains of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Optimization Providing a Model for Optimizing the Allocation of Land Use for Virtual Water Storage by Using the Meta- Heuristic Algorithms [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 15-32]
Optimum direction of development Urban Land Use Allocation Using MCDMs and GIS, Case Study: Zanjan City [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 37-58]
Orbital Parameters Model A New Model for Geometrical Correction of Satellite Imagery, Using 2D Polynomials and Satellite Navigation Data [Volume 4, Issue 3, 2012]
Orbital Parameters Model A Novel Approach for Epipolar Resampling of Linear Pushbroom Images Based on Orbital Parameters Model [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 19-36]
Orchards mapping Evaluation of IRS-P6 Images for Orchards Area Estimating [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 113-126]
Ordinary least squares Spatial Analysis of GOVID-19 Outbreak Using Spatial Regression [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 67-80]
Overall accuracy A Comparative study of the traditional accuracy assessment and disagreement measures of the classification of remote sensing imagery [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 55-68]
Overall accuracy Preparation and Verification of Poplar Plantation Mapping Using Satellite Data of Sentinel-2 and Ground Data in Zanjan Province [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 1-14]
OWA Land suitability evaluation based on multi-criteria decision-making methods for locating wind farms in Khorasan Razavi province [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 59-78]
Ozone concentration Improving the Accuracy of Ground Surface Ozone Concentration Estimation Using Satellite Products and Machine Learning [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 17-30]

P

Paddy Field Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
Paddy fields Detection of Rice Fields in Rasht Township Using Multi-Temporal Landsat-8 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 15-30]
Parameter retrieval Comparative analysis of LAI retrieval from hyperspectral imagery using machine learning approaches [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 47-64]
Partial least-squares regression Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Content at Various Moisture Levels Using Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-110]
Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) Comparing Different Statistical Models and Pre-processing Techniques for Estimation several chemical properties of the soil Using VNIR/SWIR Spectrum [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 47-60]
Particle Swarm Optimization Unsupervised Change Detection of Multi-temporal Satellite Images using PSO-based Image Thresholding Technique [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Particulate matter Air Quality Assessment by Monitoring PM10 and PM2.5 Parameters Using Multispectral Satellite Images Seyed Mohammad Mozafari1, Ramin Saadi1* , Sima Neyrizi2 [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
PCR Estimation Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Content Using Visible and Near Infrared Spectral data, PLSR and PCR Statistical Models [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 15-32]
Peak discharge Effect of Digital Elevation Models Spatial Resolutions on Nash and Rosso Instantaneous unit Hydrograph Performance (case study: Kasilian Watershed) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 55-74]
Periodical Stripe Noise A Method for Detectors Stripe Noise Correction in Landsat5 TM Images [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 45-60]
Persian Gulf Oil Spill Detection Using MODIS and Sentinel-1 Images; A Case Study of Northern Persian Gulf [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 89-104]
PERSIANN-CDR Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Satellite Precipitation Products in Mazandaran Province: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation with Emphasis on Station Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Phase Difference Effect of height and temperature on plant phenological processes using harmonic analysis of MODIS NDVI time series (Case study: Shirkouh, Yazd province) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 1-22]
Phenology Effect of height and temperature on plant phenological processes using harmonic analysis of MODIS NDVI time series (Case study: Shirkouh, Yazd province) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 1-22]
Phenology parameters Effects of Climate Change on Vegetation Phenology of Urmia Lake Basin Using AVHRR Time Series Data [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 1-14]
Photogrammetry and remote sensing A Review of Remote Sensing Methods in Identifying and Monitoring Forest Fires [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 19-52]
Photogrammetry Products Change Detection in Residential Areas Construction by Using Photogrammetry Products [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Physical activity Objective Measurement of Environmental Factors Influencing the Citizens’ Physical Activity, by Employing Geographic Information System, Case Study: Sanandaj city [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 65-92]
Pistachio Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration Using SEBAL Algorithm and Comparison with Improved FAO 56 Standard Evapotranspiration with KC-NDVI Relationship [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 73-92]
Pixel-based Classification [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Pixel swapping A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
PLSR Estimation Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Content Using Visible and Near Infrared Spectral data, PLSR and PCR Statistical Models [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 15-32]
PLSR statistical method Evaluation of Soil Organic Carbon Storage in Different Land Uses Using Partial Least Squares, Geostatistics, M5 Tree Model and Landsat 8 Statistical Methods [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 1-18]
PM10 Assessment of Correlation between PM10 Data Measured at Ground Station of Sanandaj and AOD Data of MODIS Sensor [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 51-60]
PM2.5 A Hybrid Dispersion Fuzzy Landuse Regression Model for Quantitative Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Urban Transportation Planning in Isfahan, Iran [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 91-110]
Point control feature Geometric Assessment of Non-physical Models for Geometric Correction of High Resolution Pushbroom Satellite Image Based on Point and Line Control Feature [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 17-40]
Polarimetric Interferometric SAR data Segmentation of Polarimetric Interferometric Radar Images using Shannon Entropies and Markov Random Field Algorithm [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 121-144]
Polarimetric Radar Images A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
Polarimetric SAR interferometry Three Stage Inversion Algorithm Improvement in Forest Height Estimation Using Polarimetric SAR Interferometry Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 59-72]
Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR) A Novel Method for Forest Height Estimation Using PolInSAR Data [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 57-72]
Pollution [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Poplar Population Preparation and Verification of Poplar Plantation Mapping Using Satellite Data of Sentinel-2 and Ground Data in Zanjan Province [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 1-14]
Porphyry Copper Comparison of the results of satellite image processing for extraction of alterations with mineralogy and field studies in Sarkuh Porphyry Copper Deposit [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 1-26]
Porphyry Copper Mineral Mapping Related to Porphyry Copper Deposits Using Aster and Sentinel- 2 Images with Field Studies (A Case Study of Sahib Divan Copper Deposit) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 79-98]
Porphyry Copper Deposits [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Porphyry copper ore Investigation of Alteration Deposit Zones of Porphyry Copper Ore Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery (Aster, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2) and Ground Controls (Case study: MasjedDaghi copper deposit - NW Iran) [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 47-74]
Potato Potato Fields Mapping Based on the Phenology Feature and Support Vector Machine Utilizing Google Earth Engine Platform [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Potential Fishing Zone Determine Potential Fishing Zones in the Persian Gulf Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 37-48]
PPI Applying the SAM Supervised Classification Algorithm to Prepare a Map of Rock Units Using Satellite Images [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Precipitation Estimation of precipitation based on remote sensing technique in Alborz, Qazvin, Zanjan, Kurdistan and Hamedan provinces [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 21-46]
Precipitation Identifying Fire-Prone Areas in the Vegetation of Lorestan Province Using Infrared Images [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 151-170]
Precipitation changes Monitoring and Assessing of Dust Occurance Effects on Precipitation Variations in South-West of Iran Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 79-98]
Precipitation Estimation Temporal-Spatial Assessment of Monthly Precipitation Based on CHIRPS, TRMM and MERRA Data in Iran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 55-78]
Precipitation Estimation Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Satellite Precipitation Products in Mazandaran Province: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation with Emphasis on Station Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Precision Agriculture Adoption of IoT technology to estimate evapotranspiration from satellite imagery [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 33-44]
Precision Agriculture Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Content at Various Moisture Levels Using Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-110]
Precision farming Evaluation of Vegetation Indices to Recognizing Wheat Leaf and Yellow Rust at Canopy Scale [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 111-128]
Prehistoric Archaeological sites Prediction of the Possibility of Prehistoric Archaeological Sites from Calcolithic to Iron Age using Logistic Regression Model in GIS, Case study: Harsin_Bisotun Plain [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 43-58]
Preserving area Making Digitization of Land Parcels Precise by Preserving Area and Dimensions [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 33-44]
Preserving dimensions Making Digitization of Land Parcels Precise by Preserving Area and Dimensions [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 33-44]
Principal Component Analysis Alteration Mapping in the Motrabad Epithermal System, South of Razavi Khorasan Province: using ASTER remote sensing data [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Principal Component Analysis Estimation Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Content Using Visible and Near Infrared Spectral data, PLSR and PCR Statistical Models [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 15-32]
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Prediction of Tehran Air Pollution Using PCA-ANFIS Method [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 45-70]
Principal Component Regression (PCR) Comparing Different Statistical Models and Pre-processing Techniques for Estimation several chemical properties of the soil Using VNIR/SWIR Spectrum [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 47-60]
Probability matching method Capability of Infrared & Passive Microwaves Remotely Sensed Data for Rainfall Estimation and Flood Monitoring (Case Study: Golestan Province, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 31-44]
Production potential Evaluation of Maize yield and Water Footprint Variability by AquaCrop-GIS Model [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 43-58]
PROSPECT Sensitivity Analysis of the Spectral Response of the Plant Leaf to the Biophysical-Biochemical Variables Using the PROSPECT Radiative Transfer Model [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 17-33]
Protected areas Evaluation and Analysis of Land Use Change Trends in Protected Areas (Case Study: Lar National Park) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 75-92]
Prototype space A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
PublicTransportation A Combined Approach Utilizing Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Equity Indicators to Prioritize the Development of Bus Rapid Transit Lines until 1410 (Case Study of Isfahan, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 129-150]

R

Radar [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Radar Investigation of Intensity- Duration- Area of Rainfall and its Impact on Floods Using Radar Images (Case Study of the Flood on May 2014) [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 73-86]
Radar Development of a New method for Backscatter Correction of Sentinel-1 images in Topographic Regions, Case Study: Mazandaran Province [(Articles in Press)]
Radar and Optic data Land Use and Land Cover Classification by Combining GLCM, SNIC, and Machine Learning Algorithms in Google Earth Engine Environment (Case Study: Part of the Lands of North Mahabad, West Azerbaijan) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 41-60]
Radar Imagery Mapping and Monitoring of Soil Salinization in the Central Part of Khuzestan Province Using Remote Sensing Feature Space Based Models [(Articles in Press)]
Radar images Time Series Analysis of Semi-Automatic Monitoring Radar Images in Monitoring Unauthorized Urban Construction (The Studied Area of Mehravaran, Andisheh and Faraz, Yazd) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 55-72]
Radar Interferometry Investigation of Topographic Changes in Open Pit Mines by Radar Interferometry (Case Study: Sangan- Khaf iron Ore Mines) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 27-40]
Radiative transfer model Combining Multiple Solution and Cost Function for Better LAI Estimation [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 61-74]
Radiative transfer model Sensitivity Analysis of the Spectral Response of the Plant Leaf to the Biophysical-Biochemical Variables Using the PROSPECT Radiative Transfer Model [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 17-33]
Radiometric Correction Development of a New method for Backscatter Correction of Sentinel-1 images in Topographic Regions, Case Study: Mazandaran Province [(Articles in Press)]
Radiometric Terrain Flattening Improving land Cover Classification in Mountainous Areas by Combining Sentinel-1 Images From Different Orbits and Assessing Radiometric Terrain Flattening Effects [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 161-180]
Radiosonde The Effect of Atmospheric Moisture on the Estimation of the Temperature Inversion Characteristics from MODIS Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 35-53]
Radon transformation Automatic Gap Filling in Road Extraction Using Radon Transformation and Spline Interpolation [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 19-34]
Railway Application of GIS in Predicting Rail Network Capacity through Linear Regression [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 93-118]
Railway of Iran Managing the capacity of the railway network based on effective spatial and operational parameters using a service-oriented approach [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 97-112]
Railway transportation Managing the capacity of the railway network based on effective spatial and operational parameters using a service-oriented approach [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 97-112]
Rainfall Capability of Infrared & Passive Microwaves Remotely Sensed Data for Rainfall Estimation and Flood Monitoring (Case Study: Golestan Province, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 31-44]
Rainfall Investigation of Intensity- Duration- Area of Rainfall and its Impact on Floods Using Radar Images (Case Study of the Flood on May 2014) [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 73-86]
Rainfall assessment The Evaluation of GPM Precipitation Remote Sensing Data with Observed Data (Case Study: Mid-West of Iran) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 115-124]
Rain-fed Wheat Rain-Fed Wheat Area Mapping Using MODIS and Landsat Images (Case Study: Ahar City) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 19-34]
Random forest Medium Spatial Resolution Image Classification Based on Spatial and Thermal Indices [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 117-132]
Random forest Comparison of Accuracy Between Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Classifiers for Land Use and Crop Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 73-92]
Random forest Mapping Vegetation in Riparian Areas Using Pixel-Based and Object-Based Classification of Sentinel-2 Multi-Temporal Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 19-32]
Random forest The Effect of Different Cluster Sampling Schemes in Estimating the Quantitative Characteristics of Zagros Forests Using Sentinel 2 Sensor Images [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 71-86]
Random forest Object-Oriented Classification of Urban Areas Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 105-121]
Random forest Land Use and Land Cover Classification by Combining GLCM, SNIC, and Machine Learning Algorithms in Google Earth Engine Environment (Case Study: Part of the Lands of North Mahabad, West Azerbaijan) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 41-60]
Random forest Performance Analysis of Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms in Land Use Classification of the Metropolitan Area of Mashhad [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 111-132]
Random forest A hybrid framework for enriching urban gazetteers by extracting geographic information from online housing listings [(Articles in Press)]
Random forest Identifying and Monitoring of Wind Erosion Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing Data and Random Forest Algorithm in Northern Baluchestan Region [(Articles in Press)]
Random forest Landslide susceptibility modelling using random forest machine learning algorithm along Haraz road [(Articles in Press)]
Random forest Spatial downscaling of Landsat 8 thermal images for detecting spatiotemporal trends of heat islands in Tehran [(Articles in Press)]
Random Forest Algorithm Improving land Cover Classification in Mountainous Areas by Combining Sentinel-1 Images From Different Orbits and Assessing Radiometric Terrain Flattening Effects [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 161-180]
Random Forests Analysis of the Classification's Accuracy Improvement by Fusion of ALI Panchromatic Image and Hyperion Hyperspectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 65-82]
Random Forests Prediction of Wheat Fusarium Head Blight Severity by Using Random Forest [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 1-14]
Random volume over Ground Three Stage Inversion Algorithm Improvement in Forest Height Estimation Using Polarimetric SAR Interferometry Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 59-72]
Random Volume over Ground (RVoG) inversion model A Novel Method for Forest Height Estimation Using PolInSAR Data [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 57-72]
Rangeland plants Determining the Most Appropriate Electromagnetic Spectrum for Predicting Nutrients in a Number of Rangeland Species Using Remote Sensing [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 31-46]
Rank maps A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
Rational Function Models Ant Colony Optimization of RFM for Geometric Correction [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 1-18]
Rationalized Haar (RH) wavelet Extraction of vegetation from Landsat satellite images using rationalized Haar wavelet algorithm [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 45-56]
Rational Polynomial Coefficients Evaluation of the Deep Learning-Based Sat-MVSF Algorithm in DSM Extraction from High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPCs) Using High Resolution Satellite Images in the Bundle Adjustment of Aerial Images' Block to Reduce the Necessity of Ground Control Points [(Articles in Press)]
Ratio technique Spatial downscaling of AIRS-derived column water vapor using ratio model to improve LST retrieval [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 37-46]
Recommender System [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Recurrent neural network Improving the Accuracy of Ground Surface Ozone Concentration Estimation Using Satellite Products and Machine Learning [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 17-30]
Red edge bands Crop Mapping Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and 2 Images in Ardabil Province [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 25-46]
Red edge-based vegetation indices Crop Mapping Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and 2 Images in Ardabil Province [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 25-46]
Red edge Index Alfalfa yield estimation using Sentinel-2 satellite images- a case study in Magsal Agricultural and Production Company (Qazvin) [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 53-76]
Red edge Index Evaluation of Sentinel-2 imagery for the estimation of Silage maize biomass: A case study of Magsal Animal Husbandry & Agriculture, Qazvin, Iran [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 99-120]
Reference evapotranspiration Estimation of Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing Data (Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 37-50]
Refinement Refinement of Road Extraction in UAV Images based on Deep Learning Methods [(Articles in Press)]
Reflectance [Volume 3, Issue 3, 2011]
Regional Highway Corridor Developing a Soft Computing based Decision Tree Approach for Predicting Crashes Severity on Regional Highway Corrid [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 37-54]
Regression equations Evaluation of Maize yield and Water Footprint Variability by AquaCrop-GIS Model [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 43-58]
Relative Calibration A Method for Detectors Stripe Noise Correction in Landsat5 TM Images [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 45-60]
Remote Sensing Drought Indices Evaluation of the Effect of Drought on the Vegetation of Iran Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 81-102]
Remote Sensing imagery Target detection from high-resolution remote sensing images using deep learning methods [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 48-64]
Remote Sensing (RS) Forecasting Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Risk Through Integrated Simulated Remote-Sensing Data and Epidemiological Records [(Articles in Press)]
Repair polygon Improved Automatic Polygonal Restoration in Geographic Information Systems [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 75-94]
Reserve aircraft Evaluation of Combination of Bees Meta-Heuristic Algorithm with Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to Upgrade its Performance for Site Selection of Reserve Aircraft in the Air Industry [(Articles in Press)]
Resilience approach The Impact of Urban Growth and Development Trend on Ecological Network Structure with Resilience and Landscape Approach (Case study of Hamedan) [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 19-32]
Resilience method The Comparison of Resilience and Resistance Approaches in Flood Risk Management (Case Study of Qezel Ozan River in Mahneshan Basin) [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 41-56]
Retrieving Algorithm Evaluation of CO2 Greenhouse Gas Estimation Algorithms Based on GOSAT Satellite Data and Ground-based Observation Stations [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 23-36]
Retrofitting Retrofitting Resources Allocation Model for Bridges in the Emergency Roads Network of Tehran after an Earthquake: Optimization Model Using GIS [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 109-127]
RGB color combination Extraction of vegetation from Landsat satellite images using rationalized Haar wavelet algorithm [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 45-56]
Riparian Mapping Vegetation in Riparian Areas Using Pixel-Based and Object-Based Classification of Sentinel-2 Multi-Temporal Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 19-32]
Risk Risk Assessment of the Coastal Habitats of Larak Islands Using the InVEST Model [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 23-32]
Risks Site Selection of Hezar-Masjed Mountain Water Transmission Tunnel Using by the Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Shannon Entropy [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 171-192]
River Morphology Comparing Landsat Water Indices for Automated Narrow-Shallow Rivers (Case Study: A Section of Karoon River) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 99-116]
RMSE Modeling and Mapping of Interpolation Errors, by Using the Characteristics of Triangles [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 89-100]
RMSE Urban Land Use Compatibility Evaluation Model: A GIS based and Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 77-96]
Road Boundaries Refinement of Road Extraction in UAV Images based on Deep Learning Methods [(Articles in Press)]
Road extraction [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Road extraction Refinement of Road Extraction in UAV Images based on Deep Learning Methods [(Articles in Press)]
Road Network A Smart Location Model, Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms to Find Optimal Routes in the Road Network [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 111-126]
Road Network Analysis of Methods, Challenges, and Perspectives in Rural Road Networks Detection with a Focus on Remote Sensing Images [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 139-176]
ROC Application Indexes Geomorphometry Groundwater Springs on Spatial Modeling Occurrence at Central Alborz Probable with the Approach Weights-of-Evidence [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 61-74]
ROC curves Comparing Landsat Water Indices for Automated Narrow-Shallow Rivers (Case Study: A Section of Karoon River) [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 99-116]
Roughness Length Evaluating the Effect of Roughness Length Index on Modelling the Maximum Intensity of Urban Heat Islands Using Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information Systems (Case study: District 22, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-100]
Rough Set Evaluation of the Capabilities of Integration of Rough Sets and Genetic Algorithms for Data Mining and Rule Extraction in Domestic Water Usage in Tehran City [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 61-78]
RPCs refinement Using High Resolution Satellite Images in the Bundle Adjustment of Aerial Images' Block to Reduce the Necessity of Ground Control Points [(Articles in Press)]
RS Determine Potential Fishing Zones in the Persian Gulf Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 37-48]
RUE Modeling of semi-steppe rangelands degradation in Isfahan Province using MODIS images [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 1-20]
Rule Extraction Evaluation of the Capabilities of Integration of Rough Sets and Genetic Algorithms for Data Mining and Rule Extraction in Domestic Water Usage in Tehran City [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 61-78]
Runoff Application of Snowmelt Runoff Model Using MODIS Data (a case study: Tekab Watershed) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 79-92]
Runoff Investigation of Intensity- Duration- Area of Rainfall and its Impact on Floods Using Radar Images (Case Study of the Flood on May 2014) [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 73-86]
Rural settlements Studying the Consequences of Urban Sprawl in Rural Peripheral Settlements (Case study: Southern villages of Tehran metropolis) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 1-20]
RUSLE Assessment of Areas Susceptible to Desertification with Emphasis on Erosion Models Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis A Case Study (Sistan Suture Zone and Afghan Blocks) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 59-78]
RWEQ Assessment of Areas Susceptible to Desertification with Emphasis on Erosion Models Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis A Case Study (Sistan Suture Zone and Afghan Blocks) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 59-78]

S

S2WI index Monitoring and Analyzing the Impacts of Climatic Variables and Human Activities on Water Extent Changes of Kajaki Dam Reservoir Using Advanced Satellite Spectral Indices [(Articles in Press)]
Sabzevar City Application of a Hybrid Unsupervised Method Based on K-Means and Neural Networks for Satellite Image Classification and Image Quality Enhancement (Case Study: Sabzevar City, 2021) [(Articles in Press)]
SADFAT MODIS image downscaling using STARFM and SADFAT algorithms for daily Landsat-like spatial resolution evapotranspiration mapping [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 123-140]
SAGA Determination of Optimum Geo-Morphometric Parameters to Digital Soil Map (Case Study: Tehran Province, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 171-190]
Sahib Divan Mineral Mapping Related to Porphyry Copper Deposits Using Aster and Sentinel- 2 Images with Field Studies (A Case Study of Sahib Divan Copper Deposit) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 79-98]
Salinity The Effect of Salt Dust Storms on the Health of Plants in the Eastern Basin of Urmia Lake [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 101-118]
SAM Applying the SAM Supervised Classification Algorithm to Prepare a Map of Rock Units Using Satellite Images [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 1-16]
SAM Investigation of Alteration Deposit Zones of Porphyry Copper Ore Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery (Aster, Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2) and Ground Controls (Case study: MasjedDaghi copper deposit - NW Iran) [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 47-74]
Sanandaj Assessment of Correlation between PM10 Data Measured at Ground Station of Sanandaj and AOD Data of MODIS Sensor [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 51-60]
Sanandaj city Evaluation of Environmental Criteria Affecting Citizens' Health Using Geographic Information System (Case Example: Agheh Zaman Neighborhood of Sanandaj city) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 105-136]
Sand dunes [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Sangan-Khaf Investigation of Topographic Changes in Open Pit Mines by Radar Interferometry (Case Study: Sangan- Khaf iron Ore Mines) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 27-40]
SAR Imagery Improving land Cover Classification in Mountainous Areas by Combining Sentinel-1 Images From Different Orbits and Assessing Radiometric Terrain Flattening Effects [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 161-180]
SAR images Speckle reduction in SAR images based on an adaptive filtering in the frequency domain [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Sarkuh Comparison of the results of satellite image processing for extraction of alterations with mineralogy and field studies in Sarkuh Porphyry Copper Deposit [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 1-26]
Satellite Study of Precipitation Data of GPM and TRMM Satellites in Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Scales at Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 45-60]
Satellite data Preparation and Verification of Poplar Plantation Mapping Using Satellite Data of Sentinel-2 and Ground Data in Zanjan Province [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 1-14]
Satellite Data Assimilation Review: Satellite Data Assimilation in Calibration of Crop Growth Model, more Emphasize on Sensitivity Analysis Techniques [(Articles in Press)]
Satellite image [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Satellite image A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 61-84]
Satellite Imagery [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Satellite Imagery A Review of Remote Sensing Methods in Identifying and Monitoring Forest Fires [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 19-52]
Satellite Imagery Identifying River Shoreline Changes Using Satellite Images and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of the Qara Aghaj River [(Articles in Press)]
Satellite images Efficiency Comparison of Support Vector Machine and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms for Monitoring Land Use Changes [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 73-86]
Satellite images Investigating Land Use Changes in Herat City Using Satellite Images during 2015 and 2022 [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 21-39]
Satellite images Using High Resolution Satellite Images in the Bundle Adjustment of Aerial Images' Block to Reduce the Necessity of Ground Control Points [(Articles in Press)]
Satellite Precipitation Products Temporal-Spatial Assessment of Monthly Precipitation Based on CHIRPS, TRMM and MERRA Data in Iran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 55-78]
Satellite Precipitation Products Evaluation of Half-Hour GPM-GSMAP_G (V04) and One-Hour GPM-IMERG_F (V06) Satellite Precipitation Products in East Azarbaijan Province [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
SAVI Estimating Corn Leaf Area Index Using Satellite Imagery on Google Earth Engine Platform and Validating Against WOFOST Model Outputs [(Articles in Press)]
SBAS Investigation of Topographic Changes in Open Pit Mines by Radar Interferometry (Case Study: Sangan- Khaf iron Ore Mines) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 27-40]
Scale adaption Design and Development of Variable-Scale Maps for Car Navigation Systems [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 97-110]
Scale parameter Urban Tree Canopy Mapping Using Object Oriented Classification and Machine Learning Algorithms [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 17-32]
SDSS [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Sea Surface Temperature Oil Spill Detection Using MODIS and Sentinel-1 Images; A Case Study of Northern Persian Gulf [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 89-104]
SEBAL MODIS image downscaling using STARFM and SADFAT algorithms for daily Landsat-like spatial resolution evapotranspiration mapping [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 123-140]
SEBAL Comparison of Remote Sensing Methods for Estimating Actual Daily Evapotranspiration Using Landsat 8 Multispectral Images [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 19-42]
SEBAL model Evaluation of Different Parametric Situations on Satellite SEBAL, METRIC and TVT Methods on Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration in the Northern Ahwaz Study Region [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 89-106]
SEBAL model Adoption of IoT technology to estimate evapotranspiration from satellite imagery [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 33-44]
Sediment Determining the Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Model and GIS System in Khorkhoreh Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 87-102]
Sedimentation Comparison of the Intensity of Coastline Changes and Erosion of the Main Ports on the Caspian Sea Coast [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 73-86]
Sedimentation Identifying River Shoreline Changes Using Satellite Images and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study of the Qara Aghaj River [(Articles in Press)]
Segmentatiom Cropland Mapping through Integration of Segmentation and Classification Techniques in Google Earth Engine [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 1-20]
Sen2Cor algorithm Monitoring and Analyzing the Impacts of Climatic Variables and Human Activities on Water Extent Changes of Kajaki Dam Reservoir Using Advanced Satellite Spectral Indices [(Articles in Press)]
Sensitivity Analysis A GIS-based Assessment of Drinking Quality of Lordegan Plain Groundwater using a GWQI Index [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 107-120]
Sensitivity Analysis Analyzing and Modeling of Correlation between LAI and Vegetation Indices using Spectroradiometric Observations [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 69-88]
Sensitivity Analysis Review: Satellite Data Assimilation in Calibration of Crop Growth Model, more Emphasize on Sensitivity Analysis Techniques [(Articles in Press)]
Sentinel Mineral Mapping Related to Porphyry Copper Deposits Using Aster and Sentinel- 2 Images with Field Studies (A Case Study of Sahib Divan Copper Deposit) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 79-98]
Sentinel-1 Oil Spill Detection Using MODIS and Sentinel-1 Images; A Case Study of Northern Persian Gulf [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 89-104]
Sentinel-1 Object-Oriented Classification of Urban Areas Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 105-121]
Sentinel-1 Flood risk Monitoring of June 1402 in Zanjan Province Using Sentinel-1 Images [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 79-92]
Sentinel-1 Evaluating the Efficiency of InSAR Coherence in Crop Type Mapping Using Machine Learning [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 133-160]
Sentinel-1 Crop mapping using machine learning algorithms and dual-polarized indices derived from multi-temporal Sentinel-1 data [(Articles in Press)]
Sentinel-1 Development of a New method for Backscatter Correction of Sentinel-1 images in Topographic Regions, Case Study: Mazandaran Province [(Articles in Press)]
Sentinel-1 Soil erosion susceptibility mapping using Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR coherence and machine learning (Study area: Khuzestan province) [(Articles in Press)]
Sentinel 1-A Investigation of Topographic Changes in Open Pit Mines by Radar Interferometry (Case Study: Sangan- Khaf iron Ore Mines) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 27-40]
Sentinel-1A PS-InSAR Time Series Analysis Using Sentinel-1A and ENVISAT-ASAR Data Stacks for Subsidence Estimation in Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 57-72]
Sentinel-1 radar data Modeling the Above-Ground Biomass Estimation in Zagros Oak Coppice Forests Using Radar Data of Sentinel-1 Satellite [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 35-52]
Sentinel-1 satellite Time Series Analysis of Semi-Automatic Monitoring Radar Images in Monitoring Unauthorized Urban Construction (The Studied Area of Mehravaran, Andisheh and Faraz, Yazd) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 55-72]
Sentinel 2 Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
Sentinel- 2 Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Downscaling Algorithms of MODIS Data to Sentinel- 2 Data in Different Land Cover Classes [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 100-83]
Sentinel- 2 Comparative Analysis of Different Image Fusion Methods at the Pixel and Decision Levels on the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Sentinel-2 Development and application of crop and field condition indices using time-series satellite images of Sentinel-2 [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 105-122]
Sentinel-2 Alfalfa yield estimation using Sentinel-2 satellite images- a case study in Magsal Agricultural and Production Company (Qazvin) [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 53-76]
Sentinel-2 Spectral analysis and enhancement of Sureyan complex lithological units, northeastern of Fars, using satellite imagery data of ASTER and Sentinel 2 [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 63-78]
Sentinel-2 Estimation of Agricultural Crop Yield Using Sentinel-2 Images (Case Study: Zanjan City) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 61-74]
Sentinel-2 Mapping Vegetation in Riparian Areas Using Pixel-Based and Object-Based Classification of Sentinel-2 Multi-Temporal Imagery [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 19-32]
Sentinel-2 Object-Oriented Classification of Urban Areas Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 105-121]
Sentinel-2 Employing the Convolutional LSTM Network in Crop Classification using NDVI Time Series [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 89-106]
Sentinel-2 Air Quality Assessment by Monitoring PM10 and PM2.5 Parameters Using Multispectral Satellite Images Seyed Mohammad Mozafari1, Ramin Saadi1* , Sima Neyrizi2 [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Sentinel-2 Investigating the effects of urban landfilling based on satellite data on the water quality of Haraz Dam [(Articles in Press)]
Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 datasets The Capability of Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI Data for Discrimination of Lithological Units and Alteration Minerals of Esfordi Phosphate Deposit Area, Central Iran [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 1-18]
Sentinel-2 Time Series Potato Fields Mapping Based on the Phenology Feature and Support Vector Machine Utilizing Google Earth Engine Platform [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Sentinel-5P Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Methane Pollutant Distribution in Metropolitan Areas Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (Case Study: Isfahan Metropolis) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 177-200]
Sentinel5P satellite Modeling the Concentration Distribution of NO2 and O3 Pollutants with an Appropriate Spatial Resolution by Combining Ground and Satellite data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 85-104]
Sentinel images Estimating soil salinity in the dried lake bed of Urmia Lake using optical Sentinel-2B images and multivariate linear regression models [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 101-120]
Sentinel Satellite Images A New Forecasting Approach Using the Combination of Machine Learning to Predict Flood Susceptibility (Case Study: Karun Catchment) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Separate Window Algorithm Estimate and calibration Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Satellite Images And Split Window Algorithm Based On Mathematical Models-Case Study:Kurdestan Province [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 103-122]
Shannon Entropy [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Shannon Entropy Segmentation of Polarimetric Interferometric Radar Images using Shannon Entropies and Markov Random Field Algorithm [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 121-144]
Shannon Entropy A Combined Approach Utilizing Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Equity Indicators to Prioritize the Development of Bus Rapid Transit Lines until 1410 (Case Study of Isfahan, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 129-150]
Shape compactness [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Shemshak formation Landslide susceptibility modelling using random forest machine learning algorithm along Haraz road [(Articles in Press)]
Shirkooh Effect of height and temperature on plant phenological processes using harmonic analysis of MODIS NDVI time series (Case study: Shirkouh, Yazd province) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 1-22]
Short wavelength infrared Comparison of four PLSR, RF, GRNN and SVR Algorithms to Estimate Sugarcane Sheath Moisture During Growing Season Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 47-68]
Significance level Evaluation of Maize yield and Water Footprint Variability by AquaCrop-GIS Model [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 43-58]
Silage maize Evaluation of Sentinel-2 imagery for the estimation of Silage maize biomass: A case study of Magsal Animal Husbandry & Agriculture, Qazvin, Iran [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 99-120]
Simineh Rood River [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Simulated Annealing Evaluating and Improving the Functionality of Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Sub-pixel Land Cover Mapping Using Multispectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 1-16]
Singular Spectrum Analysis Evaluation of the Performance of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) Algorithm in Reconstructing Missing Data with Different Intensities in the Hourly Land Surface Temperature Time Series [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 39-58]
Sistan and Baluchestan provice Spatial Monitoring of Drought Using Remote Sensing Indices, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 35-56]
Sistan & Baluchestan province Sensitivity of Vegetation Dryness Index (VDI) to Reflectance of Different Shortwave Infrared Bands in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (Case Study: Sistan & Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 103-118]
Sistan Plain Analyzing Temporal and Spatial Variations of Surface Albedo over Sistan Plain in Eastern Iran using Satellite Remote Sensing Product of MODIS Sensor of Terra Satellite [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 69-84]
Sistan Plain Investigation of the Relationship between Land Surface Temperature with Vegetation and Surface Moisture in the Land Use of Zahak Area of Sistan Plain Using Landsat Satellite Images [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 21-42]
Site Selection Positioning lands prone for cultivating ficus fars province using fuzzy logic and the GIS approach [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 1-16]
Site Selection Evaluation of Combination of Bees Meta-Heuristic Algorithm with Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to Upgrade its Performance for Site Selection of Reserve Aircraft in the Air Industry [(Articles in Press)]
SM2RAIN Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Satellite Precipitation Products in Mazandaran Province: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation with Emphasis on Station Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
SMA [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
SMAP Assessing Satellite-Derived Soil Moisture Data Using Field Observations at Doroodzan Irrigation and Drainage District [(Articles in Press)]
Smart Cities A Review of Recent Researches on Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 33-58]
Smart Tehran Utilizing digital twins as a novel approach to enhancing the management of smart cities [(Articles in Press)]
Snow Snow covered surfaces show enormous variations in time and consequently need to be monitored using images with relatively high temporal resolution. For this MODIS sensor on board of Terra/Aqua is suitable. Different parameters affect the accuracy of Snow [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Snow Analysis of the Time Series of Land Surface Albedo in Iran Using MODIS [(Articles in Press)]
Snow Melting Application of Snowmelt Runoff Model Using MODIS Data (a case study: Tekab Watershed) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 79-92]
Soft Classification A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
Soft Classification Evaluating and Improving the Functionality of Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Sub-pixel Land Cover Mapping Using Multispectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 1-16]
Soft Computing Developing a Soft Computing based Decision Tree Approach for Predicting Crashes Severity on Regional Highway Corrid [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 37-54]
Soil Determination of Optimum Geo-Morphometric Parameters to Digital Soil Map (Case Study: Tehran Province, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 171-190]
Soil and water resource degradation Comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms with an emphasis on Extra Trees and SHAP interpretability in estimating land subsidence in the plains of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Soil erosion Estimation and Zoning Soil Erosion using the Analysis Network Process and GIS (Case Study: Ghale Chai Basin) [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 1-10]
Soil erosion Soil erosion susceptibility mapping using Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR coherence and machine learning (Study area: Khuzestan province) [(Articles in Press)]
Soil Hydrological Group Estimating the Runoff Coefficient by Combining Arc CN-Runoff, SCS-CN and ICAR Empirical Relationship (Case Study: Selseleh Study Area - Lorestan Province) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 57-76]
Soil Moisture Assessing Satellite-Derived Soil Moisture Data Using Field Observations at Doroodzan Irrigation and Drainage District [(Articles in Press)]
Soil moisture content Development of Temperature/ Vegetation Indexes for Estimating Soil Moisture Content Using Co- Moisture Lines Extracted from a One- Year Temperature/ Vegetation Scatter Plot of MODIS Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 1-22]
Soil properties Estimation of Soil Texture and Amount of Free Iron Oxides Using Landsat 8 Satellite Bands and Regression Analysis [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 73-88]
Soil salinity Estimating soil salinity in the dried lake bed of Urmia Lake using optical Sentinel-2B images and multivariate linear regression models [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 101-120]
Soil salinity Mapping and Monitoring of Soil Salinization in the Central Part of Khuzestan Province Using Remote Sensing Feature Space Based Models [(Articles in Press)]
Soil salinity index Evaluation of the Efficiency of Spectral Data and Indices Derived from OLI and TIRS Sensors in Estimating Soil Salinity in Arid Regions of Southern Ilam Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 51-66]
Soil Sampling Estimation of Soil Texture and Amount of Free Iron Oxides Using Landsat 8 Satellite Bands and Regression Analysis [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 73-88]
Soil surface moisture Estimation of Soil Surface Moisture Using ALOSPALSAR-2 Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 93-112]
SOS Monitoring the Changes of Vegetation Phenological Cycles in Ahvaz city Using Remote Sensing Images [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 1-24]
Southwest Khuzestan Evaluation of Soil Organic Carbon Storage in Different Land Uses Using Partial Least Squares, Geostatistics, M5 Tree Model and Landsat 8 Statistical Methods [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 1-18]
South-West of Iran Monitoring and Assessing of Dust Occurance Effects on Precipitation Variations in South-West of Iran Using Remote Sensing and GIS [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 79-98]
Spaceborne LiDar Estimation of Forest Stand Volume Using ICESat/GLAS Data in Mountainous Forests in the North of Iran [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 85-98]
Space Syntax Evaluation of Environmental Criteria Affecting Citizens' Health Using Geographic Information System (Case Example: Agheh Zaman Neighborhood of Sanandaj city) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 105-136]
Spatial analysis Developing a Soft Computing based Decision Tree Approach for Predicting Crashes Severity on Regional Highway Corrid [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 37-54]
Spatial analysis Identifying Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Urban Activities Using Mobile Phone Data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 65-84]
Spatial and Temporal Analysis Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Methane Pollutant Distribution in Metropolitan Areas Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (Case Study: Isfahan Metropolis) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 177-200]
Spatial contextual information Improvement of Markov Random Field Technique for Unsupervised Change Detection from Multichannel SAR Images [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 21-40]
Spatial database Improved Automatic Polygonal Restoration in Geographic Information Systems [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 75-94]
Spatial Data Mining Evaluation of the Capabilities of Integration of Rough Sets and Genetic Algorithms for Data Mining and Rule Extraction in Domestic Water Usage in Tehran City [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 61-78]
Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) M.Sc of RS & GIS, Shahid Beheshti University [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 1-12]
Spatial downscaling Spatial downscaling of AIRS-derived column water vapor using ratio model to improve LST retrieval [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 37-46]
Spatial features Change Detection of Urban Areas based on Neural Networks, Spatial Features and Genetic Algorithm using High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 55-68]
Spatial features An Improved Approach for Spectral-spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images using Weighted Genetic and Neural Network Algorithms [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 1-17]
Spatial index Medium Spatial Resolution Image Classification Based on Spatial and Thermal Indices [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 117-132]
Spatial modeling Due to the rapid population growth and urban development which results in limited arable land, land evaluation for selecting optimum utilization of land and increase in production per unit area as well as purposeful decisions in allocation of agricultural [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Spatial modeling Application Indexes Geomorphometry Groundwater Springs on Spatial Modeling Occurrence at Central Alborz Probable with the Approach Weights-of-Evidence [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 61-74]
Spatial modeling Spatial Modeling of Species Distribution and predicting potential distribution of the Iranian long-legged wood frog Abstract [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 95-108]
Spatial pattern Impact of Airport Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Agricultural Area: A Case Study of Majalengka Regency, Indonesia [(Articles in Press)]
Spatial resolution Enhancement of Spatial Resolution of Thermal Bands Using Vegetation and Impervious Surface Indices [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 33-44]
Spatial resolution Effect of Digital Elevation Models Spatial Resolutions on Nash and Rosso Instantaneous unit Hydrograph Performance (case study: Kasilian Watershed) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 55-74]
Spatial resolution improvement Spatial downscaling of Landsat 8 thermal images for detecting spatiotemporal trends of heat islands in Tehran [(Articles in Press)]
Spatial scale Effect of Digital Elevation Models Spatial Resolutions on Nash and Rosso Instantaneous unit Hydrograph Performance (case study: Kasilian Watershed) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 55-74]
Spatio-temporal downscaling Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Downscaling Algorithms of MODIS Data to Sentinel- 2 Data in Different Land Cover Classes [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 100-83]
Spatio-temporal modeling Prediction of Wheat Fusarium Head Blight Severity by Using Random Forest [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 1-14]
Spatiotemporal Modeling Presentation And Evaluation of A New Spatiotemporal Model For Dust Emission In Regional Scale(DustEM) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 1-18]
Spatio-Temporal Models Spatio-Temporal Neural Network–Based Traffic Analysis and Prediction Using Google Maps Imagery [(Articles in Press)]
Spatio-temporal prediction Study of Hourly Variability of Association between Land Use Parameters and CO-Pollutant Using LUR Model in Tehran [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Species Distribution Spatial Modeling of Species Distribution and predicting potential distribution of the Iranian long-legged wood frog Abstract [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 95-108]
Species distribution modeling Predicting the Impacts of Climate Change on the Distribution of Benni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi) Distribution under Different Climatic Scenarios [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 87-100]
Spectral Angle Mapping Mineralization potential and integration of airborne magnetometric geophysical data data and EO-1, ASTER ester and Landsat-7 ETM + hyperspectral satellite data (Sheet 1: 100,000 Meshkinshahr) [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 113-142]
Spectral data Evaluation of Vegetation Indices to Recognizing Wheat Leaf and Yellow Rust at Canopy Scale [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 111-128]
Spectral indexes Assessment of Soil Salinity Variations in the Bonab Area Using Ground-Based and Remote Sensing-Derived Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 119-138]
Spectral Indices Estimating Yield of Canola Based on Time Series of Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 59-72]
Spectral Indices Land Use and Land Cover Classification by Combining GLCM, SNIC, and Machine Learning Algorithms in Google Earth Engine Environment (Case Study: Part of the Lands of North Mahabad, West Azerbaijan) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 41-60]
Spectral Information Divergence Improvement of Clustering for Hyperspectral Images using Spectral Information Divergence [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 17-32]
Spectral pre-processing Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Content at Various Moisture Levels Using Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-110]
Spectral reflectance Analysis of Dust Storm Effects on Reflectance Spectra of Wheat Canopy [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 13-26]
Spectral Similarity Monitoring Land Cover Changes in Northwestern Iran Using Training Samples Migration Method [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 129-154]
Spectral-spatial classification An Improved Approach for Spectral-spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images using Weighted Genetic and Neural Network Algorithms [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 1-17]
Spectral Vegetation Index Investigation of the saturation effect of vegetation indices in LAI estimation of crops [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 33-48]
Spectral vegetation indices An Investigation of Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices Ability in Drought Condition Prediction in Iran [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 101-112]
Spectroradiometry Analyzing and Modeling of Correlation between LAI and Vegetation Indices using Spectroradiometric Observations [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 69-88]
SPI An Investigation of Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices Ability in Drought Condition Prediction in Iran [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 101-112]
Spline Determination of Spatial Variation of CO and PM10 Air Pollutants, Using GIS Techniques(Case study : Teheran, Iran) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 57-72]
Spline interpolation Automatic Gap Filling in Road Extraction Using Radon Transformation and Spline Interpolation [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 19-34]
Split widow Calculating and Calibrating Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Thermal bands [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 49-64]
SPOT 6 Evaluation of Persian Oak Forests Dieback Using Spot 6 (Case Study- Kohmareh District in Fars province) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 1-18]
SREM algorithm Monitoring and Analyzing the Impacts of Climatic Variables and Human Activities on Water Extent Changes of Kajaki Dam Reservoir Using Advanced Satellite Spectral Indices [(Articles in Press)]
SRM A Novel Approach for Optimal Feature Selection and Sub-Pixel Mapping in Polarimetric Radar Images [Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012]
SRM Model Application of Snowmelt Runoff Model Using MODIS Data (a case study: Tekab Watershed) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 79-92]
Stachys byzanthina [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Stand- alone architecture Standardization and Upgrading the Collection and Updating Process of Urban Property Survey Data Using a Context- Aware Mobile GIS and Based on ISO Spatial Standards [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 65-92]
Standard index of precipitation Evaluation of the Effect of Drought on the Vegetation of Iran Using Satellite Images and Meteorological Data [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 81-102]
Standardized Precipitation-Evaporation and Transpiration Index (SPEI) Spatial Monitoring of Drought Using Remote Sensing Indices, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 35-56]
Standardized precipitation index Combination of EVI and SPI Indices for Mapping of Drought-Prone Areas (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 1-22]
Standardized precipitation index Spatiotemporal Assessment of the Intensity, Duration, Frequency and Magnitude of the Drought by Using Remote Sensing Data [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 55-74]
STARFM MODIS image downscaling using STARFM and SADFAT algorithms for daily Landsat-like spatial resolution evapotranspiration mapping [Volume 10, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 123-140]
Statistical indices Evaluation of Half-Hour GPM-GSMAP_G (V04) and One-Hour GPM-IMERG_F (V06) Satellite Precipitation Products in East Azarbaijan Province [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Statistical test The Evaluation of GPM Precipitation Remote Sensing Data with Observed Data (Case Study: Mid-West of Iran) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 115-124]
Stepwise Assessment of Soil Salinity Variations in the Bonab Area Using Ground-Based and Remote Sensing-Derived Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 119-138]
Stepwise regression The Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Iran's Total Water Storage Using Remote Sensing [Volume 12, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 101-112]
Stepwise regression Evaluation of the Efficiency of Spectral Data and Indices Derived from OLI and TIRS Sensors in Estimating Soil Salinity in Arid Regions of Southern Ilam Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 51-66]
Stress Risk Assessment of the Coastal Habitats of Larak Islands Using the InVEST Model [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 23-32]
Structural Changes Application of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Data in Investigating Land Cover Changes in the Bed of Anzali Wetland [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 61-82]
Study stations Evaluation of Maize yield and Water Footprint Variability by AquaCrop-GIS Model [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 43-58]
Sub-pixel Evaluating and Improving the Functionality of Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Sub-pixel Land Cover Mapping Using Multispectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 1-16]
Subpixel technique [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Subsidence monitoring Comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms with an emphasis on Extra Trees and SHAP interpretability in estimating land subsidence in the plains of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Sugarcane Mapping Sugarcane Leaf Area Index by Inverting PRISMA Hyperspectral Images [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 85-108]
Super-pixel Size Land Use and Land Cover Classification by Combining GLCM, SNIC, and Machine Learning Algorithms in Google Earth Engine Environment (Case Study: Part of the Lands of North Mahabad, West Azerbaijan) [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 41-60]
Supervised classification A Change Detection at an Agricultural Areas Using Georeferenced Multi-Temporal Image Based on Object Based Method and Color Fusion [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 1-14]
Support vector machine Assessment of SVM and MLC Algorithms on Landuse/ Landcover Mapping of Riparian Forest, Using OLI Sensor (Case Study: Riparian Forest of Maroon, Behbahan) [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 49-62]
Support vector machine Medium Spatial Resolution Image Classification Based on Spatial and Thermal Indices [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 117-132]
Support vector machine Determine the Vulnerability of the Aquifer Using the Standard Drastic and Data-Based Methods (Case Study: Kochisfahan Aquifer) [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 99-116]
Support vector machine Comparison of Accuracy Between Support Vector Machine and Random Forest Classifiers for Land Use and Crop Mapping Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 73-92]
Support vector machine Estimation of Agricultural Crop Yield Using Sentinel-2 Images (Case Study: Zanjan City) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 61-74]
Support vector machine Object-Oriented Classification of Urban Areas Using a Combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images [Volume 14, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 105-121]
Support vector machine Potato Fields Mapping Based on the Phenology Feature and Support Vector Machine Utilizing Google Earth Engine Platform [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Support vector machine Performance Analysis of Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms in Land Use Classification of the Metropolitan Area of Mashhad [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 111-132]
Support vector machine Assessment and forecasting of surface water changes in the Hamoun Lakes using Landsat imagery and CA-Markov model [(Articles in Press)]
Support vector machine Mapping and Monitoring of Soil Salinization in the Central Part of Khuzestan Province Using Remote Sensing Feature Space Based Models [(Articles in Press)]
Support vector machine Soil erosion susceptibility mapping using Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR coherence and machine learning (Study area: Khuzestan province) [(Articles in Press)]
Support vector machines [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Support vector machines algorithm Efficiency Comparison of Support Vector Machine and Maximum Likelihood Algorithms for Monitoring Land Use Changes [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 73-86]
Support Vector Machines (SVM) Forecasting Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Risk Through Integrated Simulated Remote-Sensing Data and Epidemiological Records [(Articles in Press)]
Support Vector Machine (SVM) Modeling the Above-Ground Biomass Estimation in Zagros Oak Coppice Forests Using Radar Data of Sentinel-1 Satellite [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 35-52]
Support Vector Machine (SVM) Evaluating the Efficiency of InSAR Coherence in Crop Type Mapping Using Machine Learning [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 133-160]
Support Vector Regression Spatial downscaling of Landsat 8 thermal images for detecting spatiotemporal trends of heat islands in Tehran [(Articles in Press)]
Sureyan Spectral analysis and enhancement of Sureyan complex lithological units, northeastern of Fars, using satellite imagery data of ASTER and Sentinel 2 [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 63-78]
Surface Emissivity Calculating and Calibrating Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat8 Thermal bands [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 49-64]
Surface reflection Fusion of MODIS and OLI Images for Estimating Daily Surface Reflectance at 30m Spatial Resolution in Complex Heterogeneous Regions [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 71-90]
Surface temperature Application of Neural Networks for Land Surface Temperature Forecasting Using MODIS Images [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 53-72]
Surface Water Resources An analysis of the Trend Changes in Water Resources and Factors Affecting it in the Central Plateau of Iran Using Satellite Products [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Sustainability Transition A Multi-Sectoral Transition Analysis in the Development and Utilization of Remote Sensing Technology Based on the Multi-Level Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
Sustainable development The Impact of Urban Growth and Development Trend on Ecological Network Structure with Resilience and Landscape Approach (Case study of Hamedan) [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 19-32]
Sustainable Ecotourism Evaluation of Ecotourism Effects on Rudbar-e Qasran and Lavasanat Zone Using the DPSIR Framework [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 109-126]
SVM An Investigation of Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices Ability in Drought Condition Prediction in Iran [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 101-112]
SVM An Analysis on Land Use Process Changes and Forecasting in Urmia City Using SVM Model and Neural Networks [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 53-72]
SVM Integration of high spatial resolution SAR and multispectral images for building detection in urban areas [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 1-16]
SVM-CRF SVM-CRF Method and Box Plot Technique for Outlier Detection of Lidar Point Cloud [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 91-109]
SVR Optimal Band Selection of Landsat-8 Images for Estimation of CDOM of Lakes Using Support Vector Regression [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 75-92]
SWIR Shortwave Infrared Bands Sensitivity of Vegetation Dryness Index (VDI) to Reflectance of Different Shortwave Infrared Bands in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (Case Study: Sistan & Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 103-118]
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Improvement of Markov Random Field Technique for Unsupervised Change Detection from Multichannel SAR Images [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 21-40]
Systematic error Geometric Assessment of Non-physical Models for Geometric Correction of High Resolution Pushbroom Satellite Image Based on Point and Line Control Feature [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 17-40]

T

Takab Watershed basin Application of Snowmelt Runoff Model Using MODIS Data (a case study: Tekab Watershed) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 79-92]
Target detection Building Detection with Special Roofing in Hyperspectral Images Using Marker-Based Hierarchical Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 91-104]
TDI index Monitoring and analysis of dust storm trajectories in Sistan and Baluchestan Province using MODIS satellite products and the HYSPLIT model [(Articles in Press)]
Technology Policy A Multi-Sectoral Transition Analysis in the Development and Utilization of Remote Sensing Technology Based on the Multi-Level Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
Tehran Study of Precipitation Data of GPM and TRMM Satellites in Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Scales at Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 45-60]
Tehran Evaluation and Analysis of Land Use Change Trends in Protected Areas (Case Study: Lar National Park) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 75-92]
Tehran Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Urban Form and Accessibility in Tehran’s Neighborhoods [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Tehran Determination of Optimum Geo-Morphometric Parameters to Digital Soil Map (Case Study: Tehran Province, Iran) [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 171-190]
Tehran metropolis Monitoring the Urban heat islands with a Fractal Net Evolution (FNEA) Approach (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis) [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 93-112]
Tehran metropolis Studying the Consequences of Urban Sprawl in Rural Peripheral Settlements (Case study: Southern villages of Tehran metropolis) [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 1-20]
Temperature Inversion The Effect of Atmospheric Moisture on the Estimation of the Temperature Inversion Characteristics from MODIS Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 35-53]
Temperature modeling Reconstruction of ECOSTRESS Land Surface Temperature Using Deep Learning and Support Vector regression (Case study: Bar-Arieh and Latian watersheds) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 33-54]
Temporal Analysis Identifying Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Urban Activities Using Mobile Phone Data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 65-84]
Temporal-spatial changes Ecological footprint and biosustainability assessment ‎in mangrove forests of Iran [(Articles in Press)]
Temporal-spatial interpolation Evaluation of the Performance of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) Algorithm in Reconstructing Missing Data with Different Intensities in the Hourly Land Surface Temperature Time Series [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 39-58]
Terra Estimation of Fire Area in Iranian Vegetation Using MODIS and Alos-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 103-124]
Terrain factors Classification of Landforms Using Topographic Location Index and Assessment of their Actual Soil Erosion Risk in Mountainous Areas (Case Study: Kharestan Watershed) [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 17-36]
Textural information Medium Spatial Resolution Image Classification Based on Spatial and Thermal Indices [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 117-132]
Texture [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Texture Analysis of the Classification's Accuracy Improvement by Fusion of ALI Panchromatic Image and Hyperion Hyperspectral Imagery [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 65-82]
Texture Analysis Detection of earthquake damaged buildings in satellite images using texture analysis and Very High Resolution (VHR) A case study of the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 17-32]
Texture of the image Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using a Combination of Features Extracted From the Weighted Local Kernel Matrix of Spectral and Fractal Features [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 43-64]
Thermal bands Enhancement of Spatial Resolution of Thermal Bands Using Vegetation and Impervious Surface Indices [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 33-44]
Thermal infrared Comparison of the Efficiency of Local Climatic Zone Algorithm in Separating Built-Up Area Compared to Built-Up Indices [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Three band Model Estimating Chlorophyll a and Total Phosphorous in Anzali Wetland Using Three Band Model [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Three stage inversion algorithm Three Stage Inversion Algorithm Improvement in Forest Height Estimation Using Polarimetric SAR Interferometry Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 59-72]
Threshold [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Threshold A novel method based on Change Vector Analysis to improve results of Change Detection Process [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 83-96]
Tie points Using High Resolution Satellite Images in the Bundle Adjustment of Aerial Images' Block to Reduce the Necessity of Ground Control Points [(Articles in Press)]
Tilt Angle Mineralization potential and integration of airborne magnetometric geophysical data data and EO-1, ASTER ester and Landsat-7 ETM + hyperspectral satellite data (Sheet 1: 100,000 Meshkinshahr) [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 113-142]
Tilt Angle Integration of ASTER Remote Sensing and Magnetometer Data to Identify Iron Sources (Case Study Northeast Neyriz-Fars Province) [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 93-116]
Time Series Analysis Evaluation of Sentinel-2 imagery for the estimation of Silage maize biomass: A case study of Magsal Animal Husbandry & Agriculture, Qazvin, Iran [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 99-120]
TIN Modeling and Mapping of Interpolation Errors, by Using the Characteristics of Triangles [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 89-100]
TIN Urban Land Use Compatibility Evaluation Model: A GIS based and Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 77-96]
TIRS Evaluation of the Efficiency of Spectral Data and Indices Derived from OLI and TIRS Sensors in Estimating Soil Salinity in Arid Regions of Southern Ilam Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 51-66]
TLBO algorithm Optimization of the Results of the ML-Based GMDH Algorithm in order to Increase the Accuracy of Walnut Pollen Detection and Horizontal Optical Depth through the TLBO Algorithm [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 49-66]
TM [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Topographic factors Analyzing of the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation and its response to environmental factors in north of Fars province, Iran [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 61-82]
TOPSIS Urban Land Use Allocation Using MCDMs and GIS, Case Study: Zanjan City [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 37-58]
TOPSIS The Comparison of Resilience and Resistance Approaches in Flood Risk Management (Case Study of Qezel Ozan River in Mahneshan Basin) [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 41-56]
TOPSIS A Decision Support System for Water Allocation in Water Scarce Basins [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 19-32]
Total Ground Water Storage Deficit (TWS) Spatial Monitoring of Drought Using Remote Sensing Indices, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 35-56]
Total phosphorus Estimating Chlorophyll a and Total Phosphorous in Anzali Wetland Using Three Band Model [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Tourism Planning [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Traditional Parameters A Comparative study of the traditional accuracy assessment and disagreement measures of the classification of remote sensing imagery [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 55-68]
Traffic Developing an Agent-Based Model for Intelligent Control of Traffic Lights and Dynamic Routing [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 1-20]
Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Traffic congestion Identifying Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Traffic Congestion Using Data Obtained from Google Maps Service Traffic Image [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 63-84]
Traffic pollutants Modeling the Concentration Distribution of NO2 and O3 Pollutants with an Appropriate Spatial Resolution by Combining Ground and Satellite data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 85-104]
Training Samples Migration Monitoring Land Cover Changes in Northwestern Iran Using Training Samples Migration Method [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 129-154]
Transfer learning Target detection from high-resolution remote sensing images using deep learning methods [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 48-64]
Transformer Change Detection in Remote Sensing Data Using Attention Network [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 139-163]
Transition Accelerating A Multi-Sectoral Transition Analysis in the Development and Utilization of Remote Sensing Technology Based on the Multi-Level Perspective [(Articles in Press)]
Transportation Micro-simulation Model to Estimate Accessibility to Urban Services: A GIS-based and Land Use and Transportation Integrated Approach [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 45-62]
Transportation Planning A Hybrid Dispersion Fuzzy Landuse Regression Model for Quantitative Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Urban Transportation Planning in Isfahan, Iran [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 91-110]
Tree desiccation map Evaluation of Persian Oak Forests Dieback Using Spot 6 (Case Study- Kohmareh District in Fars province) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Trend Analyzing Temporal and Spatial Variations of Surface Albedo over Sistan Plain in Eastern Iran using Satellite Remote Sensing Product of MODIS Sensor of Terra Satellite [Volume 10, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 69-84]
Trend Investigating the Trend of Night Temperature Changes in Iran and the Effect of Carbon Dioxide [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 105-122]
Trend analysis Identifying and Monitoring Urban Growth and Expansion Changes Using Spectral Unmixing of Remote Sensing Imagery and Geographic Information Systems Techniques at the Micro Level, (A Case Study of Amol City) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 147-164]
Trend of snow cover Snow Cover Variability in the Cold Period of the Year in Iran Based on MODIS Measurements [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 59-72]
Trend Tests Hydro-Ecological Effects of Land-Use Change and Climate Variability: Insights from the Kashafrud River Basin, Northeastern Iran (1973–2023) [(Articles in Press)]
Triangular and trapezoidal methods Development of Temperature/ Vegetation Indexes for Estimating Soil Moisture Content Using Co- Moisture Lines Extracted from a One- Year Temperature/ Vegetation Scatter Plot of MODIS Data [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 1-22]
Triangulation Modeling, Routing, and Visual Simulation of Building Interior Spaces Using BIM and GIS [(Articles in Press)]
Trip planning Linear Dual Graph Calculus and its Applications in GIS [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-16]
TRMM Study of Precipitation Data of GPM and TRMM Satellites in Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Scales at Tehran [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 45-60]
TRMM Effect of climatic zoning and altitude zoning on the correlation of remote sensing drought indices with Precipitation data and Introducing local indicators [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 47-62]
T-Sharp Enhancement of Spatial Resolution of Thermal Bands Using Vegetation and Impervious Surface Indices [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 33-44]
TSP [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Twitter Evaluation and Comparison of Public Satisfaction in Iranian Provinces Using User Generated Geo-Content (UGGC) [Volume 12, Issue 3, 2020, Pages 65-86]

U

UAV Comparison of Deep Learning and Cascade Classifiers Approaches for Object Detection in Autonomous UAV Landing [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 1-18]
UAV Presenting a Strategic Model of Intelligent Monitoring of Construction Violations in Urban Management (Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Area and Privacy) [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 61-82]
UAV images Refinement of Road Extraction in UAV Images based on Deep Learning Methods [(Articles in Press)]
Unauthorized Construction Change Detection in Residential Areas Construction by Using Photogrammetry Products [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Uncertainty Determination of the Uncertainty Derived from Input Data in Path Finding Analysis Output [Volume 1, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 63-76]
Underground Water Resources An analysis of the Trend Changes in Water Resources and Factors Affecting it in the Central Plateau of Iran Using Satellite Products [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-60]
U-Net Evaluating the Efficiency of U-Net and XGBoost Models in Extracting Building Footprint Information [(Articles in Press)]
Unsupervised Classification Application of a Hybrid Unsupervised Method Based on K-Means and Neural Networks for Satellite Image Classification and Image Quality Enhancement (Case Study: Sabzevar City, 2021) [(Articles in Press)]
Urban Developing an Agent-Based Model for Intelligent Control of Traffic Lights and Dynamic Routing [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 1-20]
Urban Classification of LiDAR Points Cloud Using Markov Random Field and Machine Learning Techniques [Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 41-60]
Urban Activity Pattern Identifying Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Urban Activities Using Mobile Phone Data [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 65-84]
Urban air pollution prediction Prediction of Tehran Air Pollution Using PCA-ANFIS Method [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 45-70]
Urban Crisis Futures Study on the Livability of Worn Texture in Urban Crises (Case Study: Imamzadeh Yahya Neighborhood, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 21-38]
Urban Design Objective Measurement of Environmental Factors Influencing the Citizens’ Physical Activity, by Employing Geographic Information System, Case Study: Sanandaj city [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 65-92]
Urban Design Evaluation of Environmental Criteria Affecting Citizens' Health Using Geographic Information System (Case Example: Agheh Zaman Neighborhood of Sanandaj city) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 105-136]
Urban ecology The Impact of Urban Growth and Development Trend on Ecological Network Structure with Resilience and Landscape Approach (Case study of Hamedan) [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 19-32]
Urban environment Efficient Adaptive Local Thresholding for Improving Elevation Change Detection in Urban Environments Using Bi-temporal LiDAR Data [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Urban growth Change Detection of Urban Areas based on Neural Networks, Spatial Features and Genetic Algorithm using High Resolution Satellite Images [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 55-68]
Urban heat islands Monitoring the Urban heat islands with a Fractal Net Evolution (FNEA) Approach (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis) [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 93-112]
Urban heat islands Evaluating the Effect of Roughness Length Index on Modelling the Maximum Intensity of Urban Heat Islands Using Remote Sensing and Geospatial Information Systems (Case study: District 22, Tehran) [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 75-100]
Urban management Change Detection in Residential Areas Construction by Using Photogrammetry Products [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
Urban Parameters Investigating and Modeling the Effect of the Composition and Arrangement of the Landscapes of Yazd City on the Land Surface Temperature Using Machine Learning and Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 Data [Volume 15, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 1-26]
Urban Structure Extracting Vegetation and the Urban Structure of Mashhad Using Newton Interpolation Polynomial and its Relationship with Land Surface Temperature (LST) [Volume 8, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 95-108]
Urban Thermal Islands Determining the Most Suitable Method of Extracting the Surface Temperature Using [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 37-54]
Urban Traffic Prediction Spatio-Temporal Neural Network–Based Traffic Analysis and Prediction Using Google Maps Imagery [(Articles in Press)]
Urban tree canopy cover Urban Tree Canopy Mapping Using Object Oriented Classification and Machine Learning Algorithms [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 17-32]
Urmia city An Analysis on Land Use Process Changes and Forecasting in Urmia City Using SVM Model and Neural Networks [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 53-72]
Urmia Lake A Decision Support System for Water Allocation in Water Scarce Basins [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 19-32]
Urmia Lake Determination of Groundwater Spring Potential Using Maximum Entropy, GIS and RS Emphasizing HAND Topographic-Hydrologic New Index (Case Study: Urmia Lake Basin) [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 119-138]
Urmia Lake The Effect of Salt Dust Storms on the Health of Plants in the Eastern Basin of Urmia Lake [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 101-118]
Urmia Lake Basin Effects of Climate Change on Vegetation Phenology of Urmia Lake Basin Using AVHRR Time Series Data [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 1-14]
Use change The Impact of Urban Growth and Development Trend on Ecological Network Structure with Resilience and Landscape Approach (Case study of Hamedan) [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 19-32]
User allocation Providing a Model for Optimizing the Allocation of Land Use for Virtual Water Storage by Using the Meta- Heuristic Algorithms [Volume 9, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 15-32]

V

Validation Temporal-Spatial Assessment of Monthly Precipitation Based on CHIRPS, TRMM and MERRA Data in Iran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 55-78]
Validation Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Content at Various Moisture Levels Using Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 93-110]
Variogram Spatial Analysis of Water Vapor Pressure in South and South West of Iran Using by Geostatistics [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 35-52]
Varzeqan city Assessing ecological change and analyzing patterns governing the landscape Case study: Varzeghan county [Volume 15, Issue 2, 2023, Pages 1-16]
VCI Index Effect of climatic zoning and altitude zoning on the correlation of remote sensing drought indices with Precipitation data and Introducing local indicators [Volume 11, Issue 2, 2019, Pages 47-62]
VDI Vegetation Drought Index Sensitivity of Vegetation Dryness Index (VDI) to Reflectance of Different Shortwave Infrared Bands in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (Case Study: Sistan & Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 103-118]
Vegetation cover effects minimization Investigation of the Vegetation Effect on the Surveying and Mineral Exploration Using Hyperspectrsl Data [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 115-131]
Vegetation Degradation Trend Analysis of MODIS-NDVI Time Series and Its Relationship with Land Use Changes in Golestan Province [Volume 17, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 1-20]
Vegetation estimation Extraction of vegetation from Landsat satellite images using rationalized Haar wavelet algorithm [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 45-56]
Vegetation fire Identifying Fire-Prone Areas in the Vegetation of Lorestan Province Using Infrared Images [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 151-170]
Vegetation Health Index (VHI) Spatial Monitoring of Drought Using Remote Sensing Indices, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 35-56]
Vegetation index [Volume 5, Issue 4, 2013]
Vegetation index Analyzing and Modeling of Correlation between LAI and Vegetation Indices using Spectroradiometric Observations [Volume 7, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 69-88]
Vegetation index Investigation of Atmospheric Correction Methods in Estimation of Forest Canopy Density of Guilan Province Using Vegetation Indices of Landsat 8 Data [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 93-110]
Vegetation index Evaluation of Persian Oak Forests Dieback Using Spot 6 (Case Study- Kohmareh District in Fars province) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 1-18]
Vegetation index Rain-Fed Wheat Area Mapping Using MODIS and Landsat Images (Case Study: Ahar City) [Volume 12, Issue 4, 2020, Pages 19-34]
Vegetation index Estimation of Maximum and Minimum Daily Air Temperature Using MODIS Surface Temperature Products [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 53-70]
Vegetation index Analysis of Sentinel- 2 Satellite Images to Estimate Leaf Area Index of Corn Crops [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 1-15]
Vegetation indices Preparation of Distribution and Health map of Afforestation in Langroud County using Sentinel-2 Sensor Images and Field Data [Volume 17, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 1-22]
Vegetation parameter retrieval Mapping Sugarcane Leaf Area Index by Inverting PRISMA Hyperspectral Images [Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023, Pages 85-108]
Vegetation recovery A Review of Remote Sensing Methods in Identifying and Monitoring Forest Fires [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 19-52]
Very High Resolution Satellite Image Detection of earthquake damaged buildings in satellite images using texture analysis and Very High Resolution (VHR) A case study of the 2010 earthquake in Port-au-Prince [Volume 7, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 17-32]
VGI Evaluation and Analysis of the Evolution and Completeness of Building Data in Volunteered Geographic Information (Case Study: OpenStreetMap Building Information in Mashhad City) [Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026]
VIKOR Determining the Land Suitability for Dryland Wheat Cultivation Using GIS Based VIKOR Decision Model: A Case Study of Fars Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 15-34]
V–I–S model Analysis of Relationship between Land use/cover and Urban Heat Island, Using ETM+ [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 39-58]
Visual surveillance Assessing Spatial Equity Accessibility to Educational Services in the Study Area of District 18 in Tehran [Volume 17, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 99-120]
Vulnerability assessment [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]

W

WaPOR Estimation of Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing Data (Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province) [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 37-50]
Water bodies Application of MERIS Data for the Estimation of Clarity Depth in the Caspian Sea using Univariate and Multivariate Linear Regression Techniques [Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014]
Water bodies An analysis of the Trend Changes in Water Resources and Factors Affecting it in the Central Plateau of Iran Using Satellite Products [Volume 15, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 41-60]
Water demands Comparing the Results of Actual Evapotranspiration from SEBAL and METRIC Models Using MODIS and ETM+ Sensor Images [Volume 9, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 63-74]
Water Distribution Network M.Sc of RS & GIS, Shahid Beheshti University [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 1-12]
Water Need Estimation of Crop Coefficients in the Moghan Cultivation Industry and the Study of Relationship between Evapotranspiration and Yield Performance [Volume 11, Issue 4, 2019, Pages 11-28]
Water productivity Evaluation of Maize yield and Water Footprint Variability by AquaCrop-GIS Model [Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 43-58]
Water quality Investigation of Water Quality Using Fuzzy and Analytic Network Process (ANP) Methods in GIS [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 113-126]
Water quality Investigating the Relationship between Drought and Water Quality Reduction Using Remote Sensing and Neural Network Methods [Volume 14, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 75-90]
Water quality Investigating the effects of urban landfilling based on satellite data on the water quality of Haraz Dam [(Articles in Press)]
Water quality measurement Optimal Band Selection of Landsat-8 Images for Estimation of CDOM of Lakes Using Support Vector Regression [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 75-92]
Water Quality Parameters Estimation of turbidity and chlorophyll a concentration in the Caspian Sea through time series analysis of satellite images and wavelet neural networks [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 91-108]
Water resource management Hydro-Ecological Effects of Land-Use Change and Climate Variability: Insights from the Kashafrud River Basin, Northeastern Iran (1973–2023) [(Articles in Press)]
Water scarce basins A Decision Support System for Water Allocation in Water Scarce Basins [Volume 11, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 19-32]
Watershed A Novel Assessment of Hydrological Drought in the Central Plateau Basins of Iran Using the New Groundwater Storage Product [(Articles in Press)]
Water Vapor Pressure Spatial Analysis of Water Vapor Pressure in South and South West of Iran Using by Geostatistics [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 35-52]
Wavelet algorithm Impact Assessment Of Mother Wavelet And Number Of Wavelet Decomposition To Estimate Of Change Map By Wavelet Algorithm [Volume 8, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 17-34]
Wavelet Neural Network Estimation of turbidity and chlorophyll a concentration in the Caspian Sea through time series analysis of satellite images and wavelet neural networks [Volume 10, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 91-108]
Web-GIS [Volume 5, Issue 3, 2013]
Weighted genetic algorithm An Improved Approach for Spectral-spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images using Weighted Genetic and Neural Network Algorithms [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 1-17]
Weighted local kernel matrix Classification of Hyperspectral Images Using a Combination of Features Extracted From the Weighted Local Kernel Matrix of Spectral and Fractal Features [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 43-64]
Weighting Evaluaion of Various Methods for Weighting Spatial Information in GIS (Case Study: Mineral Potential Mapping) [Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 73-88]
Weighting Site Selection of Hezar-Masjed Mountain Water Transmission Tunnel Using by the Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Shannon Entropy [Volume 17, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 171-192]
Weights-of-evidence Application Indexes Geomorphometry Groundwater Springs on Spatial Modeling Occurrence at Central Alborz Probable with the Approach Weights-of-Evidence [Volume 10, Issue 2, 2018, Pages 61-74]
Wheat Analysis of Dust Storm Effects on Reflectance Spectra of Wheat Canopy [Volume 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 13-26]
Wheat Determining the Land Suitability for Dryland Wheat Cultivation Using GIS Based VIKOR Decision Model: A Case Study of Fars Province [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2021, Pages 15-34]
Wheat Evaluating Capability of Reflectance Spectrometry for Estimating the Wheat Chlorophyll and Nitrogen [Volume 14, Issue 4, 2022, Pages 119-134]
Wheat leaf and yellow rust Evaluation of Vegetation Indices to Recognizing Wheat Leaf and Yellow Rust at Canopy Scale [Volume 9, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 111-128]
WI2 index Monitoring and Analyzing the Impacts of Climatic Variables and Human Activities on Water Extent Changes of Kajaki Dam Reservoir Using Advanced Satellite Spectral Indices [(Articles in Press)]
Wind erosion Identifying and Monitoring of Wind Erosion Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing Data and Random Forest Algorithm in Northern Baluchestan Region [(Articles in Press)]
Wind farms Land suitability evaluation based on multi-criteria decision-making methods for locating wind farms in Khorasan Razavi province [Volume 11, Issue 3, 2019, Pages 59-78]
Wireless Sensors Adoption of IoT technology to estimate evapotranspiration from satellite imagery [Volume 12, Issue 2, 2020, Pages 33-44]
WOFOST Estimating Corn Leaf Area Index Using Satellite Imagery on Google Earth Engine Platform and Validating Against WOFOST Model Outputs [(Articles in Press)]

Iranian Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS

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